<p>An <i>interval</i> <i>t</i>-<i>coloring</i> of a graph <i>G</i> is a proper edge-coloring with colors <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1,\dots ,t\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that the colors on the edges incident to every vertex of <i>G</i> are colored by consecutive colors. A graph <i>G</i> is called <i>interval colorable</i> if it has an interval <i>t</i>-coloring for some positive integer <i>t</i>. Let <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathfrak {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">N</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> be the set of all interval colorable graphs. For a graph <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G\in \mathfrak {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we denote by <i>w</i>(<i>G</i>) and <i>W</i>(<i>G</i>) the minimum and maximum number of colors in an interval coloring of a graph <i>G</i>, respectively. In this paper we present some new sharp bounds on <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W(G\square H)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>□</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for graphs <i>G</i> and <i>H</i> satisfying various conditions. In particular, we show that if <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(G,H\in \mathfrak {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>G</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="fraktur">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <i>H</i> is an <i>r</i>-regular (<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(r\in \mathbb {N}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) graph, then <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W(G\square H)\ge W(G)+W(H)+r\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo>□</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>G</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. We also derive a new upper bound on <i>W</i>(<i>G</i>) for interval colorable connected graphs with additional distance conditions. Based on these bounds, we improve known lower and upper bounds on <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W(C_{2n_{1}}\square C_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square C_{2n_{k}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for <i>k</i>-dimensional tori <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C_{2n_{1}}\square C_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square C_{2n_{k}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and on <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W(K_{2n_{1}}\square K_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square K_{2n_{k}})\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for Hamming graphs <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(K_{2n_{1}}\square K_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square K_{2n_{k}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow> </msub> <mo>□</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mo>□</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mi>k</mi> </msub> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and these new bounds coincide with each other for hypercubes. Finally, we give several results on interval colorings of Fibonacci cubes <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\varGamma _{n}.\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Γ</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>.</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation></p>

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Interval Edge-Colorings of Cartesian Products of Graphs II

  • Petros A. Petrosyan,
  • Hrant H. Khachatrian,
  • Hovhannes G. Tananyan

摘要

An interval t-coloring of a graph G is a proper edge-coloring with colors \(1,\dots ,t\) 1 , , t such that the colors on the edges incident to every vertex of G are colored by consecutive colors. A graph G is called interval colorable if it has an interval t-coloring for some positive integer t. Let \(\mathfrak {N}\) N be the set of all interval colorable graphs. For a graph \(G\in \mathfrak {N}\) G N , we denote by w(G) and W(G) the minimum and maximum number of colors in an interval coloring of a graph G, respectively. In this paper we present some new sharp bounds on \(W(G\square H)\) W ( G H ) for graphs G and H satisfying various conditions. In particular, we show that if \(G,H\in \mathfrak {N}\) G , H N and H is an r-regular ( \(r\in \mathbb {N}\) r N ) graph, then \(W(G\square H)\ge W(G)+W(H)+r\) W ( G H ) W ( G ) + W ( H ) + r . We also derive a new upper bound on W(G) for interval colorable connected graphs with additional distance conditions. Based on these bounds, we improve known lower and upper bounds on \(W(C_{2n_{1}}\square C_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square C_{2n_{k}})\) W ( C 2 n 1 C 2 n 2 C 2 n k ) for k-dimensional tori \(C_{2n_{1}}\square C_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square C_{2n_{k}}\) C 2 n 1 C 2 n 2 C 2 n k and on \(W(K_{2n_{1}}\square K_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square K_{2n_{k}})\) W ( K 2 n 1 K 2 n 2 K 2 n k ) for Hamming graphs \(K_{2n_{1}}\square K_{2n_{2}}\square \cdots \square K_{2n_{k}}\) K 2 n 1 K 2 n 2 K 2 n k , and these new bounds coincide with each other for hypercubes. Finally, we give several results on interval colorings of Fibonacci cubes \(\varGamma _{n}.\) Γ n .