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<p>Direct reduction is the most promising process for the treatment of ilmenite, with the general formula Fe<sub>1+<i>y</i></sub>Ti<sub>1−<i>y</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The phase transformation behavior of ilmenite during reduction not only holds significant theoretical value but also has important implications for the industrial application of direct reduction. The variation in iron content among ilmenite ores from different mines leads to differences in Fe(III) content, which in turn affects the phase transformation behavior during H<sub>2</sub>-based direct reduction. In this study, ilmenite samples with varying Fe(III) contents were synthesized, and both synthetic and natural samples were reduced in hydrogen to investigate their phase transformation behaviors. It was found that the Fe(III) content in the ilmenite lattice, represented by the 2<i>y</i> value, plays a critical role in determining the phase transformation behavior during reduction. Depending on the Fe(III) content, three distinct phase transformation pathways were observed: when 2<i>y</i> = 0, the transformation path is FeTiO<sub>3</sub> → FeTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> → TiO<sub>2</sub>; when 0 &lt; 2<i>y</i> &lt; 2/3, the path is Fe<sub>1+<i>y</i></sub>Ti<sub>1−<i>y</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> → FeTiO<sub>3</sub> + Fe<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>4</sub> → FeTiO<sub>3</sub> → FeTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> → TiO<sub>2</sub>; and when 2/3 &lt; 2<i>y</i> &lt; 2, the path is Fe<sub>1+<i>y</i></sub>Ti<sub>1−<i>y</i></sub>O<sub>3</sub> → Fe<sub>2+<i>x</i></sub>Ti<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>O<sub>4</sub> → Fe<sub>2</sub>TiO<sub>4</sub> → FeTiO<sub>3</sub> → FeTi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> → TiO<sub>2</sub>.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The Effect of Fe(III) Content on the Phase Evolution of Fe1+yTi1−yO3 in the H2 Direct Reduction Process

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月29日

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  • Xudong Fang,
  • Jie Zhang,
  • Baijun Yan

摘要

Direct reduction is the most promising process for the treatment of ilmenite, with the general formula Fe1+yTi1−yO3. The phase transformation behavior of ilmenite during reduction not only holds significant theoretical value but also has important implications for the industrial application of direct reduction. The variation in iron content among ilmenite ores from different mines leads to differences in Fe(III) content, which in turn affects the phase transformation behavior during H2-based direct reduction. In this study, ilmenite samples with varying Fe(III) contents were synthesized, and both synthetic and natural samples were reduced in hydrogen to investigate their phase transformation behaviors. It was found that the Fe(III) content in the ilmenite lattice, represented by the 2y value, plays a critical role in determining the phase transformation behavior during reduction. Depending on the Fe(III) content, three distinct phase transformation pathways were observed: when 2y = 0, the transformation path is FeTiO3 → FeTi2O5 → TiO2; when 0 < 2y < 2/3, the path is Fe1+yTi1−yO3 → FeTiO3 + Fe2TiO4 → FeTiO3 → FeTi2O5 → TiO2; and when 2/3 < 2y < 2, the path is Fe1+yTi1−yO3 → Fe2+xTi1−xO4 → Fe2TiO4 → FeTiO3 → FeTi2O5 → TiO2.

Graphical Abstract