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<p>Electrolytic manganese anode slag (EMAS) is a hazardous solid waste generated in the anode zone of electrolytic manganese production process, which contains a large amount of manganese (Mn). In this study, Mn in EMAS was leached by sulfur reduction with the aid of alkali activation. The results showed that the leaching rate of Mn could reach 99.12% when the water leaching with a liquid-to-solid ratio 4 at 30&#xa0;°C for 20&#xa0;min, after alkali activation with a mass ratio of S/EMAS 0.63&#xa0;g&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, a mass ratio of KOH/EMAS 1.5&#xa0;g&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> at 85&#xa0;°C for 5&#xa0;min. Through thermodynamic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the activation mechanism was reasonably proposed. The XRD results indicated that MnO<sub>2</sub> in the EMAS was converted into Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. On the basis of XPS, thermodynamic considerations, and relevant literature, it is inferred that acid-soluble phases such as MnO(OH) and Mn(OH)<sub>2</sub> may also form during the reaction. Meanwhile, PbO<sub>2</sub> was converted into PbS. The reduction leaching of Mn from EMAS method proposed, having the characteristics of short reaction time, high leaching rate, and easy separability of Mn, can provide an alternative for the resource.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Recovery of Manganese from Electrolytic Manganese Anode Slag by Sulfur Reduction with the Aid of Alkali Activation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月8日

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  • Tingting Jiang,
  • Hui Zhao,
  • Zhaoxia Yang,
  • Chaoyang He,
  • Zhuozhi Deng,
  • Xin Peng,
  • Zhixiong Liu,
  • Jun Hua,
  • Ou Zhuo,
  • Feng Gao,
  • Fei Li

摘要

Electrolytic manganese anode slag (EMAS) is a hazardous solid waste generated in the anode zone of electrolytic manganese production process, which contains a large amount of manganese (Mn). In this study, Mn in EMAS was leached by sulfur reduction with the aid of alkali activation. The results showed that the leaching rate of Mn could reach 99.12% when the water leaching with a liquid-to-solid ratio 4 at 30 °C for 20 min, after alkali activation with a mass ratio of S/EMAS 0.63 g g−1, a mass ratio of KOH/EMAS 1.5 g g−1 at 85 °C for 5 min. Through thermodynamic analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the activation mechanism was reasonably proposed. The XRD results indicated that MnO2 in the EMAS was converted into Mn2O3 and Mn3O4. On the basis of XPS, thermodynamic considerations, and relevant literature, it is inferred that acid-soluble phases such as MnO(OH) and Mn(OH)2 may also form during the reaction. Meanwhile, PbO2 was converted into PbS. The reduction leaching of Mn from EMAS method proposed, having the characteristics of short reaction time, high leaching rate, and easy separability of Mn, can provide an alternative for the resource.

Graphical Abstract