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<p>As a typical representative of copper oxide ores, malachite faces significant challenges in traditional pyrometallurgical smelting processes, including high energy consumption and substantial carbon emissions. This study utilizes the existing copper sulfide smelting system for processing complex copper oxide ores. It primarily elucidates the synergistic reaction mechanism between malachite and sulfide ores (CuFeS<sub>2</sub>, FeS<sub>2</sub>) during the heating process. The results show that under the nitrogen atmosphere, the pyrolysis behavior of malachite exhibits two stages, namely the decomposition of the malachite phase and the decomposition of the copper oxide phase. In addition to the aforementioned pyrolysis behavior of malachite, under the combined action of sulfide ores, the copper oxide generated by the pyrolysis can be effectively converted into the main components of the matte. The process achieves efficient copper enrichment, with the final copper content of the slag only 0.67 wt.% and the direct copper recovery rate as high as 98.5%. The two reaction paths of malachite in the presence of CuFeS<sub>2</sub> and FeS<sub>2</sub> are determined as follows: Cu<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> → CuO → Cu<sub>2</sub>S/Cu<sub>5</sub>FeS<sub>4</sub> and Cu<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> → CuO → Cu<sub>2</sub>O/Cu<sub>2</sub>S → Cu.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Mechanism of Matte Formation Through the Interaction Reaction Between Copper Oxide and Sulfide in Complex Copper Ores

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Guoqin Guo,
  • Shiwei Zhou,
  • Bo Li,
  • Yonggang Wei,
  • Hua Wang

摘要

As a typical representative of copper oxide ores, malachite faces significant challenges in traditional pyrometallurgical smelting processes, including high energy consumption and substantial carbon emissions. This study utilizes the existing copper sulfide smelting system for processing complex copper oxide ores. It primarily elucidates the synergistic reaction mechanism between malachite and sulfide ores (CuFeS2, FeS2) during the heating process. The results show that under the nitrogen atmosphere, the pyrolysis behavior of malachite exhibits two stages, namely the decomposition of the malachite phase and the decomposition of the copper oxide phase. In addition to the aforementioned pyrolysis behavior of malachite, under the combined action of sulfide ores, the copper oxide generated by the pyrolysis can be effectively converted into the main components of the matte. The process achieves efficient copper enrichment, with the final copper content of the slag only 0.67 wt.% and the direct copper recovery rate as high as 98.5%. The two reaction paths of malachite in the presence of CuFeS2 and FeS2 are determined as follows: Cu2(OH)2CO3 → CuO → Cu2S/Cu5FeS4 and Cu2(OH)2CO3 → CuO → Cu2O/Cu2S → Cu.

Graphical Abstract