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<p>This study uses red mud and phosphogypsum as the main raw materials, supplemented with sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate, to prepare non-fired ceramic granules with adsorption properties. The disintegration rate of the non-fired ceramic granules was taken as the evaluation index, and response surface methodology was employed to investigate the effects of the contents of red mud, phosphogypsum, sodium silicate, and sodium bicarbonate on this index. The optimized mixing proportions of red mud, phosphogypsum, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium silicate are 70%, 14%, 3%, and 13%, respectively, under which the disintegration rate of the non-fired ceramic granules is reduced to a minimum value of 3.0%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption analyses show that the non-fired ceramic granules possess a specific surface area of 7.04 m<sup>2</sup>·g⁻<sup>1</sup> and a pore volume of 0.039 cm<sup>3</sup>·g⁻<sup>1</sup>. When the non-fired ceramic granules were used as an adsorbent to remove fluoride from a fluoride-containing solution, a fluoride removal efficiency of 86.51% was achieved at an adsorbent dosage of 80&#xa0;g/L and a contact time of 80&#xa0;min. Using large-volume industrial wastes as raw materials, this work implements the concept of “turning waste into wealth” and proposes a simple and feasible route for synthesizing an adsorbent material. It helps to address both fluoride ion pollution in industrial wastewater and the accumulation of solid wastes, providing a new approach for the resource utilization of red mud and phosphogypsum, while avoiding secondary pollution.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Study on the Preparation of Non-fired Ceramic Aggregates and Fluoride Ion Adsorption Using Phosphogypsum and Red Mud Synergistically

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Haijie Xiong,
  • Zhanwei Liu,
  • Wanzhang Yang,
  • Wenhui Ma,
  • Hengwei Yan,
  • Jiaping Zhao,
  • Yunchuan Gao,
  • Nihua Chen

摘要

This study uses red mud and phosphogypsum as the main raw materials, supplemented with sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate, to prepare non-fired ceramic granules with adsorption properties. The disintegration rate of the non-fired ceramic granules was taken as the evaluation index, and response surface methodology was employed to investigate the effects of the contents of red mud, phosphogypsum, sodium silicate, and sodium bicarbonate on this index. The optimized mixing proportions of red mud, phosphogypsum, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium silicate are 70%, 14%, 3%, and 13%, respectively, under which the disintegration rate of the non-fired ceramic granules is reduced to a minimum value of 3.0%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption analyses show that the non-fired ceramic granules possess a specific surface area of 7.04 m2·g⁻1 and a pore volume of 0.039 cm3·g⁻1. When the non-fired ceramic granules were used as an adsorbent to remove fluoride from a fluoride-containing solution, a fluoride removal efficiency of 86.51% was achieved at an adsorbent dosage of 80 g/L and a contact time of 80 min. Using large-volume industrial wastes as raw materials, this work implements the concept of “turning waste into wealth” and proposes a simple and feasible route for synthesizing an adsorbent material. It helps to address both fluoride ion pollution in industrial wastewater and the accumulation of solid wastes, providing a new approach for the resource utilization of red mud and phosphogypsum, while avoiding secondary pollution.

Graphical Abstract