Fabrication of Al-SiO₂ Composites from Silicon Waste via Semi-solid and Squeeze Casting
摘要
This work addresses the challenge of poor wettability and agglomeration of cheap silica (SiO2) particles in aluminum melts, which hinders the production of cost-effective aluminum matrix composites. The aim was to develop a resource-efficient technology for fabricating Al-SiO2 composites using silicon production waste (amorphous microsilica) as a reinforcement. A hypoeutectic AlSi7 alloy was reinforced with 5-wt% SiO2 particles via a novel integrated approach combining semi-solid metal casting and squeeze casting, with 1-wt% Mg added as a wettability modifier. The resulting composite exhibited a homogeneous microstructure, significantly reduced grain size (8.2 µm), and the elimination of shrinkage porosity. This led to enhanced mechanical properties, including a hardness of 94.5 HB (Hardness Brinell), an ultimate tensile strength of 277 MPa and improved corrosion resistance compared to the base AlSi7 alloy. The study highlights the role of Mg in forming MgAl2O4 spinel and Mg17Al12 intermetallic, which improve particle–matrix bonding and strength. These composites show high potential for specific applications in lightweight structural components for the transportation and aerospace industries.
Graphical Abstract