<p>Being important national infrastructures, roads such as highways and runways are susceptible to damage by explosive impacts during wartime, which seriously affects combat capability. To improve the anti-explosive performance of roads and achieve utilization of steel slag resources, this paper systematically investigates the static–dynamic ontological relationship of cement-stabilized steel slag and its destructive effect under explosive load. The study shows that, compared with traditional cement-stabilized gravel, cement-stabilized steel slag has higher impact resistance, high temperature resistance, and durability and is an ideal replacement material for gravel mix. However, its inhomogeneous and nonlinear characteristics lead to complex static and dynamic mechanical behaviors, while it is difficult to accurately describe its damage mechanism using existing constitutive models, and the dynamic response under explosive load, in particular, has not yet been sufficiently studied. A review of the current research status of cement-stabilized steel slag at home and abroad indicates that the discrete element method has significant potential for revealing its microscopic damage mechanism, but the particle model must be optimized to more realistically reflect the material properties. In addition, the road explosion damage effect of cement-stabilized steel slag involves the synergistic effect of stress waves and explosive gas, which needs to be combined with theoretical analysis, experiments, and numerical simulations to investigate the energy transfer and damage evolution of cement-stabilized steel slag and other multilayered media in depth. Future research should focus on clarifying the macroscopic and microscopic properties of cement-stabilized steel slag, constructing an accurate static and dynamic constitutive model of cement-stabilized steel slag, optimizing the discrete element simulation method, carrying out static and dynamic multifield coupling analysis, and systematically establishing a theoretical system covering the whole chain of steel slag materials, including raw material properties, proportion design, performance characterization, constitutive model, and engineering applications, to promote the standardization of cement-stabilized steel slag and its large-scale engineering applications, which will be helpful for improving the antidetonation performance of roads and promoting the development of steel slag. Improving the anti-explosion performance of roads and promoting the utilization of steel slag resources is of great theoretical and practical significance.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>