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<p>This study investigates the effect of Nb content on the microstructure and recovery strain of Ti–<i>x</i>Nb–8Sn (<i>x</i> = 10–13 at.%) biomedical alloys aimed at achieving a favorable balance between low elastic modulus and superelastic performance. Following solution treatment at 1173&#xa0;K for 0.5&#xa0;h, all alloys comprise a dominant β-phase matrix with minor Ti₃Sn precipitates. The β grain size is similar between 10 and 11Nb alloys, but decreases markedly from 76.4 to 33.5&#xa0;μm with increasing Nb content from 11 to 13 at.%. A distinct recrystallization texture develops and weakens as Nb content rises. The ω phase is entirely suppressed due to the strong β-stabilizing effect of Sn and Nb, while nanodomain formation is enhanced at higher Nb contents. These nanodomains facilitate a recovery strain of 1.2–2.1% under tensile loading to 3% strain. The apparent elastic modulus increases from 39.2 to 50.3 GPa with higher Nb addition, attributed to grain refinement and increased Ti₃Sn volume fraction in the 13Nb alloy. The combination of low elastic modulus and&#xa0;appreciable recovery strains highlights the potential of these alloys for biomedical applications.</p>

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Effect of Nb Content on the Microstructure and Superelastic Behavior of Low Modulus Ti–Nb–Sn Biomedical Alloys

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月16日

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  • Shuanglei Li,
  • Siyu Yuan,
  • Peng Wu,
  • Su-young Kim,
  • Tae-hyun Nam,
  • Xu Wang

摘要

This study investigates the effect of Nb content on the microstructure and recovery strain of Ti–xNb–8Sn (x = 10–13 at.%) biomedical alloys aimed at achieving a favorable balance between low elastic modulus and superelastic performance. Following solution treatment at 1173 K for 0.5 h, all alloys comprise a dominant β-phase matrix with minor Ti₃Sn precipitates. The β grain size is similar between 10 and 11Nb alloys, but decreases markedly from 76.4 to 33.5 μm with increasing Nb content from 11 to 13 at.%. A distinct recrystallization texture develops and weakens as Nb content rises. The ω phase is entirely suppressed due to the strong β-stabilizing effect of Sn and Nb, while nanodomain formation is enhanced at higher Nb contents. These nanodomains facilitate a recovery strain of 1.2–2.1% under tensile loading to 3% strain. The apparent elastic modulus increases from 39.2 to 50.3 GPa with higher Nb addition, attributed to grain refinement and increased Ti₃Sn volume fraction in the 13Nb alloy. The combination of low elastic modulus and appreciable recovery strains highlights the potential of these alloys for biomedical applications.