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<p>Ionic skins (I-skins) integrated with high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, self-powering functionality, and sensitive pressure detection are critically needed for soft electronics, yet remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we report a facile diffusion-complexation strategy for fabricating self-oriented gradient MXene/polyelectrolyte hydrogels, which function effectively as self-powered I-skins with outstanding EMI shielding and pressure-sensing capabilities. A pivotal feature of our method is the concurrent coupling of two processes: osmotic pressure gradient- induced in-plane self-orientation of MXene nanosheets and diffusion-complexation reaction-induced spontaneous formation of a longitudinal charge gradient. This charge gradient endows the I-skins with a pressure-sensitive self-polarized potential, while the in-plane aligned MXene network imparts both exceptional EMI shielding performance and high-pressure sensitivity. Consequently, the resulting I-skins exhibit a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 48&#xa0;dB, along with outstanding self-powered sensing capability that delivers a high sensitivity (3.067&#xa0;mV&#xa0;kPa<sup>−1</sup>), a broad sensing range (0.05–80&#xa0;kPa), a fast response time (120–130&#xa0;ms), and a low detection limit for pressure (0.05&#xa0;kPa). This work offers a new and scalable strategy for integrating high sensitivity, energy autonomy, and superior EMI shielding into advanced I-skins for broader applications.</p>

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Self-Oriented Gradient Ionic Skins for Dual-Function Electromagnetic Shielding and Self-Powered Sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Donghao Zhang,
  • Xiaodan Wang,
  • Na Pan,
  • Wenxin Fan,
  • Kunyan Sui

摘要

Ionic skins (I-skins) integrated with high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, self-powering functionality, and sensitive pressure detection are critically needed for soft electronics, yet remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we report a facile diffusion-complexation strategy for fabricating self-oriented gradient MXene/polyelectrolyte hydrogels, which function effectively as self-powered I-skins with outstanding EMI shielding and pressure-sensing capabilities. A pivotal feature of our method is the concurrent coupling of two processes: osmotic pressure gradient- induced in-plane self-orientation of MXene nanosheets and diffusion-complexation reaction-induced spontaneous formation of a longitudinal charge gradient. This charge gradient endows the I-skins with a pressure-sensitive self-polarized potential, while the in-plane aligned MXene network imparts both exceptional EMI shielding performance and high-pressure sensitivity. Consequently, the resulting I-skins exhibit a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 48 dB, along with outstanding self-powered sensing capability that delivers a high sensitivity (3.067 mV kPa−1), a broad sensing range (0.05–80 kPa), a fast response time (120–130 ms), and a low detection limit for pressure (0.05 kPa). This work offers a new and scalable strategy for integrating high sensitivity, energy autonomy, and superior EMI shielding into advanced I-skins for broader applications.