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<p>Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers (PUTs) are extensively used in diverse technological fields, yet further enhancement in acoustic sensitivity and hydrostatic figure of merit<i> d</i><sub>h</sub><i>g</i><sub>h</sub> have plateaued in conventional 1–3 piezocomposites, whose structures have remained largely unchanged for decades. Herein, we report a (1–0)–3 single-crystal piezocomposite (SCPC) based on the [011]-oriented Pb(In<sub>1/2</sub>Nb<sub>1/2</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>-PbTiO<sub>3</sub> (PIN-PMN-PT) single-crystal, featuring a dual-piezo-charge (DPC) mechanism arising from the piezoelectric and piezoelectret synergy effect. The ordered and polar 0-phase microholes with aligned dipoles are intentionally introduced in 1-phase piezo-pillars, yielding a uniquely low effective dielectric constant, reduced acoustic impedance, and DPC properties unattainable in conventional SCPCs. Both Simulations and experiments confirm that this DPC mechanism in (1–0)–3 SCPC enables an ultrahigh <i>d</i><sub>h</sub><i>g</i><sub>h</sub> of ~ 8089 × 10<sup>−15</sup> m<sup>2</sup> N<sup>−1</sup>, representing increases of 443.2% and 890.6% over commercial 1–3 SCPC and 1–3 piezoceramic composite, respectively. The engineered microhole structure and DPC strategy also significantly enhance underwater acoustic sensitivity while maintaining a broad − 3 dB bandwidth of 130 kHz, crucial for maritime safety and collision avoidance. Meanwhile, the long-term testing further verifies the PUT’s operational stability. This design approach offers a promising pathway for next-generation piezocomposites and PUT technologies.</p>

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Dual-Piezo-Charge Strategy in (1–0)–3 Single-Crystal Composite for Enhancing Underwater Acoustic Sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月28日

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  • Yu Lei,
  • Xiaotian Li,
  • Zewei Hou,
  • Bing Wang,
  • Shuguang Zheng,
  • Yang Wei,
  • Zhonghui Yu,
  • Jiawang Hong,
  • Shuxiang Dong

摘要

Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers (PUTs) are extensively used in diverse technological fields, yet further enhancement in acoustic sensitivity and hydrostatic figure of merit dhgh have plateaued in conventional 1–3 piezocomposites, whose structures have remained largely unchanged for decades. Herein, we report a (1–0)–3 single-crystal piezocomposite (SCPC) based on the [011]-oriented Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single-crystal, featuring a dual-piezo-charge (DPC) mechanism arising from the piezoelectric and piezoelectret synergy effect. The ordered and polar 0-phase microholes with aligned dipoles are intentionally introduced in 1-phase piezo-pillars, yielding a uniquely low effective dielectric constant, reduced acoustic impedance, and DPC properties unattainable in conventional SCPCs. Both Simulations and experiments confirm that this DPC mechanism in (1–0)–3 SCPC enables an ultrahigh dhgh of ~ 8089 × 10−15 m2 N−1, representing increases of 443.2% and 890.6% over commercial 1–3 SCPC and 1–3 piezoceramic composite, respectively. The engineered microhole structure and DPC strategy also significantly enhance underwater acoustic sensitivity while maintaining a broad − 3 dB bandwidth of 130 kHz, crucial for maritime safety and collision avoidance. Meanwhile, the long-term testing further verifies the PUT’s operational stability. This design approach offers a promising pathway for next-generation piezocomposites and PUT technologies.