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<p>Aqueous zinc batteries are gaining attention as promising alternatives to Li-ion systems, owing to the increased need for safe and cost-effective energy storage. Aqueous Zn-halogen batteries are particularly important because of their low cost and the abundance of precursors. However, critical challenges, such as the shuttle effect, sluggish redox kinetics, and dendrite growth, impede their practical development. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity, ease of functionalization, and stability offer a multifunctional approach to overcome these limitations. This review systematically examines the advancements in MOF-based Zn-halogen batteries, focusing on their roles in different components of the battery, including the cathode, anode, and separator. This review also highlights the key design strategies for MOF-based materials and then examines the structure–performance relationships through advanced characterization and computational insights. The remaining challenges and future directions are also outlined. Overall, this review provides a roadmap for developing advanced MOF-based Zn-halogen batteries that combine high energy density and long-term durability for next-generation energy storage applications.</p>

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Metal–Organic Frameworks: Multifunctional Materials for High-Performance Zn-Halogen Batteries

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月6日

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  • Ayesha Arif,
  • Xinrui Yan,
  • Adil Mansoor,
  • Tazeen Fatima,
  • Tayyaba Najam,
  • Hassan Akhtar,
  • Muhammad Sufyan Javed,
  • Manzar Sohail,
  • Muhammad Altaf Nazir,
  • Jiantao Zai,
  • Xiaowei Yang,
  • Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah

摘要

Aqueous zinc batteries are gaining attention as promising alternatives to Li-ion systems, owing to the increased need for safe and cost-effective energy storage. Aqueous Zn-halogen batteries are particularly important because of their low cost and the abundance of precursors. However, critical challenges, such as the shuttle effect, sluggish redox kinetics, and dendrite growth, impede their practical development. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity, ease of functionalization, and stability offer a multifunctional approach to overcome these limitations. This review systematically examines the advancements in MOF-based Zn-halogen batteries, focusing on their roles in different components of the battery, including the cathode, anode, and separator. This review also highlights the key design strategies for MOF-based materials and then examines the structure–performance relationships through advanced characterization and computational insights. The remaining challenges and future directions are also outlined. Overall, this review provides a roadmap for developing advanced MOF-based Zn-halogen batteries that combine high energy density and long-term durability for next-generation energy storage applications.