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<p>The advancement of next-generation high-frequency communication systems and stealth detection technologies necessitate the development of efficient, multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials. However, the achievement of simultaneous high efficiency and low reflectivity across microwave, terahertz, and infrared spectra remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a carbonized MXene/polyimide (C-MXene/PI) aerogel material integrating a spatially coupled hierarchically anisotropic structure with stepwise conductivity gradients was constructed. Electromagnetic waves propagate through the top-down vertical disordered horizontal architecture and progressive conductivity gradient of C-MXene/PI aerogel, undergoing stepwise absorption–dissipation–re-dissipation processes. The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits an average electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 91.0&#xa0;dB in X-band and a reflection coefficient of 0.40. In the terahertz frequency band, the average EMI shielding performance reaches 66.2&#xa0;dB with a reflection coefficient of 0.33. Furthermore, the heterolayered porous architecture of C-MXene/PI aerogels exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity, enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2–16&#xa0;μm wavelength spectrum. This study provides an feasible strategy for constructing low-reflectivity multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.</p>

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Heterolayered Carbonized MXene/Polyimide Aerogel for Low-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Multi-Spectrum Compatible Protection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Shan Zhang,
  • Chen-Ming Liang,
  • Lu Zhou,
  • Juntao Wu,
  • Martin C. Koo,
  • Zongxin Wu,
  • Yun-Tian Chen,
  • Guang-Sheng Wang

摘要

The advancement of next-generation high-frequency communication systems and stealth detection technologies necessitate the development of efficient, multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials. However, the achievement of simultaneous high efficiency and low reflectivity across microwave, terahertz, and infrared spectra remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a carbonized MXene/polyimide (C-MXene/PI) aerogel material integrating a spatially coupled hierarchically anisotropic structure with stepwise conductivity gradients was constructed. Electromagnetic waves propagate through the top-down vertical disordered horizontal architecture and progressive conductivity gradient of C-MXene/PI aerogel, undergoing stepwise absorption–dissipation–re-dissipation processes. The C-MXene/PI aerogel exhibits an average electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 91.0 dB in X-band and a reflection coefficient of 0.40. In the terahertz frequency band, the average EMI shielding performance reaches 66.2 dB with a reflection coefficient of 0.33. Furthermore, the heterolayered porous architecture of C-MXene/PI aerogels exhibits low thermal conductivity and reduced infrared emissivity, enabling exceptional infrared stealth capability across the 2–16 μm wavelength spectrum. This study provides an feasible strategy for constructing low-reflectivity multi-spectrum compatible shielding materials.