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<p>The hole transport layer (HTL)-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) are promising for commercialization owing to their excellent operational stability and simple fabrication process. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of C-PSCs are inferior to the metal electrode-based devices due to their open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>) loss. Herein, time-resolved confocal photoluminescence microscopy reveals that grain boundary defects at the perovskite/carbon interface are very likely to function as nonradiative recombination centers in HTL-free C-PSCs. A versatile additive Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> is used to modify the conformal tin oxide electron transport layer for HTL-free C-PSCs. Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> modification can result in enhanced charge extraction and optimized energy alignment at electron transport layer/perovskite interface, as well as suppressed defects at perovskite top surface due to Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-induced formation of PbI<sub>2</sub> crystallites. Such dual interfacial passivation ultimately leads to significantly improved <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> up to 1.142&#xa0;V, which is comparable to the metal electrode-based devices with HTL. Moreover, a record-high PCE of 33.2% is achieved for Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-modified C-PSCs under weak light illumination conditions, demonstrating excellent indoor photovoltaic performance. This work provides a practical approach to fabricate low-cost, highly efficient carbon-based perovskite solar cells.</p>

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Reducing the Voc Loss of Hole Transport Layer-Free Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells via Dual Interfacial Passivation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月19日

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  • Xian Zhang,
  • Fangzhou Liu,
  • Yan Guan,
  • Yu Zou,
  • Cuncun Wu,
  • Dongchang Shi,
  • Hongkai Zhang,
  • Wenjin Yu,
  • Dechun Zou,
  • Yangyang Zhang,
  • Lixin Xiao,
  • Shijian Zheng

摘要

The hole transport layer (HTL)-free carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C-PSCs) are promising for commercialization owing to their excellent operational stability and simple fabrication process. However, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of C-PSCs are inferior to the metal electrode-based devices due to their open-circuit voltage (Voc) loss. Herein, time-resolved confocal photoluminescence microscopy reveals that grain boundary defects at the perovskite/carbon interface are very likely to function as nonradiative recombination centers in HTL-free C-PSCs. A versatile additive Li2CO3 is used to modify the conformal tin oxide electron transport layer for HTL-free C-PSCs. Li2CO3 modification can result in enhanced charge extraction and optimized energy alignment at electron transport layer/perovskite interface, as well as suppressed defects at perovskite top surface due to Li2CO3-induced formation of PbI2 crystallites. Such dual interfacial passivation ultimately leads to significantly improved Voc up to 1.142 V, which is comparable to the metal electrode-based devices with HTL. Moreover, a record-high PCE of 33.2% is achieved for Li2CO3-modified C-PSCs under weak light illumination conditions, demonstrating excellent indoor photovoltaic performance. This work provides a practical approach to fabricate low-cost, highly efficient carbon-based perovskite solar cells.