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<p>This study presents a numerical investigation of hybrid nanofluid flow based on the Buongiorno model, focusing on the combined effects of Joule heating, magnetic field, viscous dissipation, thermal slip, concentration slip and entropy generation within a porous medium. The hybrid nanofluid consists of water as the base fluid and a combination of copper and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, chosen for their superior thermal properties. This research is motivated by the need to enhance energy efficiency and optimize heat transfer in porous media applications such as cooling systems and heat exchangers. The mathematical model governing the fluid flow and heat transfer is formulated using boundary layer theory and solved using the shooting method coupled with a fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. The pertinent parameters values are considered as: <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1969_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="113" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Pr=Sc_a=7.0\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1969_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="82" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0 \le M \le 2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1969_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="97" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0 \le Ec \le 0.6\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1969_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="114" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0 \le \delta _1 \le \delta _2 \le 2\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. The novelty of this work lies in the comprehensive incorporation of multiple thermophysical effects-especially entropy generation analysis-within a hybrid nanofluid system under porous media constraints, which extends beyond many existing models that consider fewer interacting parameters. Key findings reveal that when the porosity parameter Kp increases from 0.1 to 10, the local velocity at <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1969_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\eta =0.5\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> increases by approximately 67% which enhances convective heat transfer while decreasing the thermal boundary layer thickness by 23%. Viscous dissipation, quantified through the Eckert number, significantly impacts thermal behavior; a rise in this parameter increases fluid temperature by up to approximately 33% and expands the thermal boundary layer by 21%. Overall, this study demonstrates how manipulating physical parameters in hybrid nanofluid systems can substantially improve thermal management. The results provide useful insights for designing advanced thermal systems with higher efficiency and lower energy losses.</p>

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Thermal Management in Buongiorno Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Through Porous Media: Influence of Joule Heating, Magnetic Field and Entropy Generation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Chandra Sekhar Sahoo,
  • Bharat Keshari Swain,
  • Manjula Das

摘要

This study presents a numerical investigation of hybrid nanofluid flow based on the Buongiorno model, focusing on the combined effects of Joule heating, magnetic field, viscous dissipation, thermal slip, concentration slip and entropy generation within a porous medium. The hybrid nanofluid consists of water as the base fluid and a combination of copper and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, chosen for their superior thermal properties. This research is motivated by the need to enhance energy efficiency and optimize heat transfer in porous media applications such as cooling systems and heat exchangers. The mathematical model governing the fluid flow and heat transfer is formulated using boundary layer theory and solved using the shooting method coupled with a fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm. The pertinent parameters values are considered as: \(Pr=Sc_a=7.0\) , \(0 \le M \le 2\) , \(0 \le Ec \le 0.6\) , \(0 \le \delta _1 \le \delta _2 \le 2\) . The novelty of this work lies in the comprehensive incorporation of multiple thermophysical effects-especially entropy generation analysis-within a hybrid nanofluid system under porous media constraints, which extends beyond many existing models that consider fewer interacting parameters. Key findings reveal that when the porosity parameter Kp increases from 0.1 to 10, the local velocity at \(\eta =0.5\) increases by approximately 67% which enhances convective heat transfer while decreasing the thermal boundary layer thickness by 23%. Viscous dissipation, quantified through the Eckert number, significantly impacts thermal behavior; a rise in this parameter increases fluid temperature by up to approximately 33% and expands the thermal boundary layer by 21%. Overall, this study demonstrates how manipulating physical parameters in hybrid nanofluid systems can substantially improve thermal management. The results provide useful insights for designing advanced thermal systems with higher efficiency and lower energy losses.