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<p>This study investigates the unsteady flow of a tangent hyperbolic nanofluid over a wedge-shaped surface embedded with gyrotactic microorganisms, taking into account the effects of Ohmic heating, linear thermal radiation, and inclined magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) within a porous medium. Various boundary conditions—slip, melting, and permeability—are analyzed. The governing equations are transformed using similarity transformations and solved via the shooting method. The impact of key parameters (magnetic field, unsteadiness, velocity ratio, slip, and thermophoresis) on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism density profiles is evaluated graphically. Results show that higher magnetic and unsteadiness parameters enhance velocity while reducing temperature, and thermophoresis increases concentration. The inclusion of gyrotactic microorganisms improves heat and mass transfer. Validation with existing literature confirms the model’s accuracy, suggesting its potential use in biomedical and thermal management applications.</p>

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Unsteady Inclined MHD Nanofluid with Microorganisms Showing Tangent Hyperbolic Behavior Over Different Boundaries Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月30日

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  • Dipali Jangid,
  • Preeti Jain,
  • Amit Parmar

摘要

This study investigates the unsteady flow of a tangent hyperbolic nanofluid over a wedge-shaped surface embedded with gyrotactic microorganisms, taking into account the effects of Ohmic heating, linear thermal radiation, and inclined magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) within a porous medium. Various boundary conditions—slip, melting, and permeability—are analyzed. The governing equations are transformed using similarity transformations and solved via the shooting method. The impact of key parameters (magnetic field, unsteadiness, velocity ratio, slip, and thermophoresis) on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism density profiles is evaluated graphically. Results show that higher magnetic and unsteadiness parameters enhance velocity while reducing temperature, and thermophoresis increases concentration. The inclusion of gyrotactic microorganisms improves heat and mass transfer. Validation with existing literature confirms the model’s accuracy, suggesting its potential use in biomedical and thermal management applications.