<p>In this paper, we present the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-analogue of the Haar wavelet transform, formulated by extending the classical Haar wavelet construction with two parameters, <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(m\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>m</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. This approach establishes a novel framework for signal analysis, termed <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-multiresolution analysis, which is based on a newly designed <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Haar scaling function. Both the <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Haar scaling and wavelet functions facilitate efficient signal decomposition and reconstruction. To demonstrate its practical utility, we implement the proposed <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Haar wavelet transform for image denoising. Experiments are conducted on grayscale images (<InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq10.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="70" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(512 \times 512\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>512</mn> <mo>×</mo> <mn>512</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> pixels) corrupted with white Gaussian noise at various levels (<InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq11.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="103" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma ^2=10,20,30\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>σ</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>30</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>). The performance of the <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq12.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Haar wavelet transform is evaluated in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and visual perception. For comparative analysis, the classical Haar wavelet is also applied to the same denoising tasks to highlight the distinctive properties and advantages of its <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq13.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(q\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-analogue. Moreover, in this experiment, we use different parameter values: <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq14.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="153" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( q = 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.999 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0.5</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0.7</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>0.999</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq15.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="108" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( m = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>7</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>9</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Various combinations of these values are tested, and the resulting PSNR scores are compared. Results show that, there exist parameters <i>m</i> and <i>q</i> such that the proposed <InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40819_2025_1858_Article_IEq16.gif" Format="GIF" Height="12" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="12" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\( q \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>q</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-Haar wavelet transform provides better results than the classical Haar wavelet transform.</p>

错误:搜索内容不能为空,请输入英文关键词
错误:关键词超出字数限制,请精简
高级检索

The \(q\)-Analogue of the Haar Wavelet Transform: A Novel Approach to Image Denoising

  • Kistosil Fahim,
  • Dzaky Muhammad,
  • Mahmud Yunus,
  • Sunarsini

摘要

In this paper, we present the \(q\) q -analogue of the Haar wavelet transform, formulated by extending the classical Haar wavelet construction with two parameters, \(m\) m and \(q\) q . This approach establishes a novel framework for signal analysis, termed \(q\) q -multiresolution analysis, which is based on a newly designed \(q\) q -Haar scaling function. Both the \(q\) q -Haar scaling and wavelet functions facilitate efficient signal decomposition and reconstruction. To demonstrate its practical utility, we implement the proposed \(q\) q -Haar wavelet transform for image denoising. Experiments are conducted on grayscale images ( \(512 \times 512\) 512 × 512 pixels) corrupted with white Gaussian noise at various levels ( \(\sigma ^2=10,20,30\) σ 2 = 10 , 20 , 30 ). The performance of the \(q\) q -Haar wavelet transform is evaluated in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and visual perception. For comparative analysis, the classical Haar wavelet is also applied to the same denoising tasks to highlight the distinctive properties and advantages of its \(q\) q -analogue. Moreover, in this experiment, we use different parameter values: \( q = 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.999 \) q = 0.2 , 0.5 , 0.7 , 0.999 and \( m = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 \) m = 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 . Various combinations of these values are tested, and the resulting PSNR scores are compared. Results show that, there exist parameters m and q such that the proposed \( q \) q -Haar wavelet transform provides better results than the classical Haar wavelet transform.