<p>This research paper examines the uncertainties associated with selecting the optimal location for mobile tower installation while adhering to environmental protection regulations. The harmful effects of mobile tower radiation on living organisms, including humans, birds, and bees, can be mitigated through the proper investigation of installing tower locations based on various scientific criteria. Additionally, implementing proper regulations and guidelines for the construction and maintenance of mobile towers can also help minimize the negative impact of radiation on the environment. However, the fulfillment of these regulations poses several challenges, such as ensuring safety in terms of structural integrity, fire hazards, and aviation regulations, addressing concerns regarding radiation exposure, maintaining appropriate dimensions and weight for tower design, considering the signal range based on the area of operation, and numerous other criteria. This paper determines the optimal selection of mobile locations in scenarios where radiation emissions are uncertain through Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs). FFSs address the inherent imprecision associated with determining the optimal location. To measure the distance between two FFSs, the normalized distance (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40815_2024_1892_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$E_\textrm{d}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mtext>d</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and normalized Hamming distance (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40815_2024_1892_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$H_\textrm{d}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mtext>d</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) metrics are utilized. Decision experts identify the most suitable locations for placing mobile towers, such as forested regions, public spaces, residential areas, and educational and healthcare institutions, to maximize their positive impacts. By focusing on these potential positive impacts, this research paper aims to instill hope and optimism in the reader about the future of mobile tower installation.</p>

Environment-Aware Multi-criteria Decision-Making for Selecting a Site for a Mobile Tower Installation Using the Fermatean Fuzzy TOPSIS Technique

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发表日期：

2025年1月6日

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Marimuthu Dharmalingam,
Ghanshaym Singha Mahapatra,
Raja Vijayakumar

摘要

This research paper examines the uncertainties associated with selecting the optimal location for mobile tower installation while adhering to environmental protection regulations. The harmful effects of mobile tower radiation on living organisms, including humans, birds, and bees, can be mitigated through the proper investigation of installing tower locations based on various scientific criteria. Additionally, implementing proper regulations and guidelines for the construction and maintenance of mobile towers can also help minimize the negative impact of radiation on the environment. However, the fulfillment of these regulations poses several challenges, such as ensuring safety in terms of structural integrity, fire hazards, and aviation regulations, addressing concerns regarding radiation exposure, maintaining appropriate dimensions and weight for tower design, considering the signal range based on the area of operation, and numerous other criteria. This paper determines the optimal selection of mobile locations in scenarios where radiation emissions are uncertain through Fermatean fuzzy sets (FFSs). FFSs address the inherent imprecision associated with determining the optimal location. To measure the distance between two FFSs, the normalized distance ( $E_\textrm{d}$ $E_{d}$ ) and normalized Hamming distance ( $H_\textrm{d}$ $H_{d}$ ) metrics are utilized. Decision experts identify the most suitable locations for placing mobile towers, such as forested regions, public spaces, residential areas, and educational and healthcare institutions, to maximize their positive impacts. By focusing on these potential positive impacts, this research paper aims to instill hope and optimism in the reader about the future of mobile tower installation.