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<p>The improper disposal of waste cooking oil (WCO) poses significant environmental challenges, clogging wastewater systems and contaminating ecosystems, while the reliance on fossil fuels exacerbates energy security concerns, particularly in regions like Algeria with high WCO generation (469,332 metric tons in 2020). Motivated by the need to address these dual challenges, this study explores WCO valorization into biodiesel as a sustainable strategy to mitigate waste and produce renewable fuel. An integrated approach was adopted, encompassing WCO collection from a fish restaurant in Oran, Algeria, pre-treatment via multi-stage filtration and moisture absorption, and storage optimization to minimize degradation. Transesterification was optimized using a 6:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 1% KOH catalyst, and 60&#xa0;°C reaction temperature. The process yielded 92% biodiesel, meeting ASTM D6751 standards with low viscosity (4.88&#xa0;mm²/s), acid value (&lt; 0.05&#xa0;mg KOH/g), and sulfur content (&lt; 0.01 mass%). Blending with petrodiesel improved cold flow properties and fuel performance, demonstrating compatibility with existing diesel engines. These findings underscore WCO-based biodiesel’s potential as a cleaner, scalable energy solution, with future research needed to assess long-term storage and engine performance.</p>

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Integrated valorization of waste cooking oil into biodiesel: optimizing upstream processes and blend performance for sustainable energy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月19日

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  • Lamia Medjahed,
  • Hamza Bousbaa,
  • Mohammed Benramdane,
  • Khatir Naima,
  • Houari Ameur,
  • Dilber Uzun Ozsahin,
  • Hijaz Ahmad

摘要

The improper disposal of waste cooking oil (WCO) poses significant environmental challenges, clogging wastewater systems and contaminating ecosystems, while the reliance on fossil fuels exacerbates energy security concerns, particularly in regions like Algeria with high WCO generation (469,332 metric tons in 2020). Motivated by the need to address these dual challenges, this study explores WCO valorization into biodiesel as a sustainable strategy to mitigate waste and produce renewable fuel. An integrated approach was adopted, encompassing WCO collection from a fish restaurant in Oran, Algeria, pre-treatment via multi-stage filtration and moisture absorption, and storage optimization to minimize degradation. Transesterification was optimized using a 6:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 1% KOH catalyst, and 60 °C reaction temperature. The process yielded 92% biodiesel, meeting ASTM D6751 standards with low viscosity (4.88 mm²/s), acid value (< 0.05 mg KOH/g), and sulfur content (< 0.01 mass%). Blending with petrodiesel improved cold flow properties and fuel performance, demonstrating compatibility with existing diesel engines. These findings underscore WCO-based biodiesel’s potential as a cleaner, scalable energy solution, with future research needed to assess long-term storage and engine performance.