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<p>In light of increasing flood occurrences attributed to climate change, this study investigates two different hydrodynamic models, Delft3DFM and TUFLOW FV, for simulating urban flooding in Surat City, a macro tidal region of Gujarat, India. Initially, the Delft3DFM model was set up using various datasets, including measured topography, river cross-sections, and essential boundary conditions, to simulate non-monsoon hydrodynamics along the Tapi River for May 2013. Model calibration was performed using in situ observed current data. Subsequently, the calibrated Delft3DFM model was extended to simulate the August 2006 urban flood event by incorporating monsoon river discharge and validating the results against measured flood water depths and inundation data. Following this, a stand-alone TUFLOW FV model was configured using the same inputs and validated parameters from Delft3DFM to simulate urban flooding in Surat City. After validating the TUFLOW FV model against measured datasets, a comparison of the flood dynamics simulated by both models was conducted. The results indicated that Delft3DFM predicted an inundated area of 312.804 km<sup>2</sup> (66.37% of Surat City) and TUFLOW FV predicted 335.784 km<sup>2</sup> (71.25% of Surat City). Although both models showed reasonable agreement with observed data, TUFLOW FV simulated a 4.88% larger flood extent compared to Delft3DFM. Conversely, Delft3DFM predicted slightly higher floodwater depths, approximately 0.5 to 1&#xa0;m, in a confined region. This difference in urban flood dynamics is primarily attributed to how the two models handle bed elevation. Additionally, the tidal influence analysis revealed that the macro tides in this region had minimal impact on the August 2006 urban flood event due to the dominance of extreme upstream discharge. Overall, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of both models in replicating urban flooding events and highlights how differences in the treatment of physical parameters within the governing equations of the two models lead to variations in urban flood simulation.</p>

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Performance evaluation and comparison of Delft3DFM and TUFLOW FV for urban flood simulation along Tapi River, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月6日

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  • S Rajendiran,
  • Ramakrishnan Balaji,
  • D.S Rishi

摘要

In light of increasing flood occurrences attributed to climate change, this study investigates two different hydrodynamic models, Delft3DFM and TUFLOW FV, for simulating urban flooding in Surat City, a macro tidal region of Gujarat, India. Initially, the Delft3DFM model was set up using various datasets, including measured topography, river cross-sections, and essential boundary conditions, to simulate non-monsoon hydrodynamics along the Tapi River for May 2013. Model calibration was performed using in situ observed current data. Subsequently, the calibrated Delft3DFM model was extended to simulate the August 2006 urban flood event by incorporating monsoon river discharge and validating the results against measured flood water depths and inundation data. Following this, a stand-alone TUFLOW FV model was configured using the same inputs and validated parameters from Delft3DFM to simulate urban flooding in Surat City. After validating the TUFLOW FV model against measured datasets, a comparison of the flood dynamics simulated by both models was conducted. The results indicated that Delft3DFM predicted an inundated area of 312.804 km2 (66.37% of Surat City) and TUFLOW FV predicted 335.784 km2 (71.25% of Surat City). Although both models showed reasonable agreement with observed data, TUFLOW FV simulated a 4.88% larger flood extent compared to Delft3DFM. Conversely, Delft3DFM predicted slightly higher floodwater depths, approximately 0.5 to 1 m, in a confined region. This difference in urban flood dynamics is primarily attributed to how the two models handle bed elevation. Additionally, the tidal influence analysis revealed that the macro tides in this region had minimal impact on the August 2006 urban flood event due to the dominance of extreme upstream discharge. Overall, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of both models in replicating urban flooding events and highlights how differences in the treatment of physical parameters within the governing equations of the two models lead to variations in urban flood simulation.