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Background and Objectives <p>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), a dysfunction in swallowing food or drink, can result from various diseases and adverse drug reactions. OD is a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia (AP). However, the specific drugs causing OD and their incidence rates are not fully understood. This study aimed to identify drugs associated with OD, their incidence rates, and AP risk factors in patients taking these drugs on the basis of the information provided in package inserts.</p> Methods <p>This study identified candidate dysphagia-inducing drugs (CDIDs) from Japanese package inserts that listed OD as an adverse reaction. The age, sex, medications, and comorbidities of patients taking CDIDs were analyzed using the JammNet insurance database, purchased from JammNet Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).</p> Results <p>Overall, 54 ingredients were identified as CDIDs. Out of 24,276 patients taking CDIDs, 146 (0.6%) were diagnosed with OD and 76 (0.3%) with AP. Among those with AP, 23 patients (30%) also had OD. OD or AP occurred in patients taking 28 (52%) of the 54 target ingredients. In addition, 13 ingredients had an adverse reaction incidence of 1% or greater for either condition. The top five CDIDs with the highest incidence rates for each diagnosis were clobazam, baclofen, zonisamide, tiapride hydrochloride, and topiramate. Incidence rates of OD and AP were significantly higher with multiple CDIDs than with a single drug (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that AP occurrence was significantly associated with males, late-stage elderly individuals, a diagnosis of OD, and constipation.</p> Conclusions <p>The results of this study suggest that careful attention should be given to the risk of AP when prescribing CDIDs, particularly for elderly male patients.</p>

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Use of Dysphagia-Inducing Drugs and Risk of Aspiration Pneumonia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using a Japanese Claims Database

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Naoko Hayashi,
  • Mari Yoshida,
  • Narumi Maida,
  • Shingo Kondo,
  • Masanori Ogawa,
  • Hiroki Iwata,
  • Noriko Kobayashi,
  • Katsunori Yamaura

摘要

Background and Objectives

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD), a dysfunction in swallowing food or drink, can result from various diseases and adverse drug reactions. OD is a risk factor for aspiration pneumonia (AP). However, the specific drugs causing OD and their incidence rates are not fully understood. This study aimed to identify drugs associated with OD, their incidence rates, and AP risk factors in patients taking these drugs on the basis of the information provided in package inserts.

Methods

This study identified candidate dysphagia-inducing drugs (CDIDs) from Japanese package inserts that listed OD as an adverse reaction. The age, sex, medications, and comorbidities of patients taking CDIDs were analyzed using the JammNet insurance database, purchased from JammNet Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).

Results

Overall, 54 ingredients were identified as CDIDs. Out of 24,276 patients taking CDIDs, 146 (0.6%) were diagnosed with OD and 76 (0.3%) with AP. Among those with AP, 23 patients (30%) also had OD. OD or AP occurred in patients taking 28 (52%) of the 54 target ingredients. In addition, 13 ingredients had an adverse reaction incidence of 1% or greater for either condition. The top five CDIDs with the highest incidence rates for each diagnosis were clobazam, baclofen, zonisamide, tiapride hydrochloride, and topiramate. Incidence rates of OD and AP were significantly higher with multiple CDIDs than with a single drug (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that AP occurrence was significantly associated with males, late-stage elderly individuals, a diagnosis of OD, and constipation.

Conclusions

The results of this study suggest that careful attention should be given to the risk of AP when prescribing CDIDs, particularly for elderly male patients.