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<p>With the increase of drilling depth, the difficulty of rock breaking increases gradually. The existing drills faces the problems that the cutting teeth are difficult to eat into the formation and the rock breaking efficiency is low. Using the hydraulic impactor drilling technology, the drill bit can effectively cut into the formation and improve the drilling efficiency, and the performance of the hydraulic impactor is affected by the working characteristics of the jet element. In this paper, the influence of input flow rate and structural parameters on the pressure recovery coefficient, switching time and critical flow rate of the jet element is studied by experiment. 3D printing technology is innovatively used to fabricate jet elements with different structural parameters (e.g., aspect ratio; position difference; control channel width.) for test experiments. The results show that the structural parameters have a significant effect on the pressure recovery coefficient, and the sensitivity is the height of the emptying channel, the width of the emptying channel and the width of the output channel. The pressure recovery coefficient decreases with the increase of the width and height of the emptying channel, and increases with the increase of the width of the output channel. When the dimensionless width of the output channel (all proportional to the nozzle width <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\:{\text{W}}_{\text{n}}\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 6&#xa0;mm) increases in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, the pressure recovery coefficient is 0.37 to 0.55. The aspect ratio has a significant effect on the switching time. When the aspect ratio is 2 to 3, the jet element has a better wall attachment effect and a smaller switching time. The position difference and the side wall opening angle have a significant effect on the critical flow velocity. The minimum critical flow velocity is 5.2&#xa0;m/s when the dimensionless position difference is 0.66, and the minimum critical flow velocity is 4.1&#xa0;m/s when the side wall opening angle is 24°. This conclusion provides a basis for the structural optimization of the jet element, thereby improving the service life and work efficiency of the jet element, and providing technical support for the drilling speed of deep hard formations.</p>

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Experimental Study on the Working Characteristics of Jet Element in Hydraulic Impactor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • K. Huang,
  • H. Zhang,
  • J. Zhou,
  • B. Liu,
  • J. Zhang

摘要

With the increase of drilling depth, the difficulty of rock breaking increases gradually. The existing drills faces the problems that the cutting teeth are difficult to eat into the formation and the rock breaking efficiency is low. Using the hydraulic impactor drilling technology, the drill bit can effectively cut into the formation and improve the drilling efficiency, and the performance of the hydraulic impactor is affected by the working characteristics of the jet element. In this paper, the influence of input flow rate and structural parameters on the pressure recovery coefficient, switching time and critical flow rate of the jet element is studied by experiment. 3D printing technology is innovatively used to fabricate jet elements with different structural parameters (e.g., aspect ratio; position difference; control channel width.) for test experiments. The results show that the structural parameters have a significant effect on the pressure recovery coefficient, and the sensitivity is the height of the emptying channel, the width of the emptying channel and the width of the output channel. The pressure recovery coefficient decreases with the increase of the width and height of the emptying channel, and increases with the increase of the width of the output channel. When the dimensionless width of the output channel (all proportional to the nozzle width \(\:{\text{W}}_{\text{n}}\) = 6 mm) increases in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, the pressure recovery coefficient is 0.37 to 0.55. The aspect ratio has a significant effect on the switching time. When the aspect ratio is 2 to 3, the jet element has a better wall attachment effect and a smaller switching time. The position difference and the side wall opening angle have a significant effect on the critical flow velocity. The minimum critical flow velocity is 5.2 m/s when the dimensionless position difference is 0.66, and the minimum critical flow velocity is 4.1 m/s when the side wall opening angle is 24°. This conclusion provides a basis for the structural optimization of the jet element, thereby improving the service life and work efficiency of the jet element, and providing technical support for the drilling speed of deep hard formations.