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Introduction <p>This study sought to describe treatment patterns, persistence, and effectiveness of upadacitinib (UPA) alone and compared to other Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p> Methods <p>This retrospective, non-interventional study used the OPAL dataset, derived from electronic medical records. Patients initiated UPA (<i>N</i> = 2624), other JAKis (baricitinib and tofacitinib [<i>N</i> = 925]), or TNFis (adalimumab, etanercept, certolizumab, golimumab, infliximab [<i>N</i> = 3540]) between May 2020 and March 2023. Median persistence (Kaplan-Meier, log rank test) and effectiveness (Disease Activity Score 28-joint C-reactive protein, three variables [DAS28CRP{3}]) were evaluated for UPA-treated patients and in three propensity score-matched cohorts: UPA monotherapy versus combination therapy, UPA versus other JAKis, and UPA versus TNFis.</p> Results <p>In patients prescribed UPA, 41.3% were ≥ 65&#xa0;years old, 33.8% were prescribed as first-line advanced therapy, and 27.2% were prescribed monotherapy. Median persistence on UPA was 26.6&#xa0;months (95% confidence intervals: 24.4, 29.9) and longest in earlier lines of therapy. The DAS28CRP(3) remission rate was 73% at 3&#xa0;months, with improvements observed across lines of therapy. UPA monotherapy and combination therapy had similar median persistence (27.8 [23.5, 33.4] versus 30.4&#xa0;months [22.1, 35.3], <i>p</i> = 0.84) and effectiveness. UPA showed longer median persistence than other JAKis (28.8 [25.6, 32.4] versus 17.2&#xa0;months [14.9, 19.8], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and TNFis (26.6 [24.9, 30.8] versus 13.3&#xa0;months [11.5, 14.5], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). DAS28CRP(3) remission rates were greater at 3&#xa0;months for UPA than other JAKis (75.0% versus 61.5%) and TNFis (72.7% versus 59.5%). In unmatched subgroups, compared to cycling between TNFis, switching to UPA from other JAKis or TNFis resulted in longer median persistence (months: JAKi-to-UPA: 25.3 [16.1, not reached]; TNFi-to-UPA: 27.8 [23.2, 35.4]; TNFi-to-TNFi: 9.6 [8.4, 10.7]) and greater DAS-28CRP(3) remission rates over 9 months.</p> Conclusions <p>Overall, the breadth and depth of data from this large real-world dataset continue to support a favorable clinical profile of UPA for the treatment of RA and may inform treatment choices in everyday clinical practice.</p>

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Real-World Persistence and Effectiveness of Upadacitinib versus Other Janus Kinase Inhibitors and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors in Australian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Peter Youssef,
  • Sabina Ciciriello,
  • Talib Tahir,
  • Joanna Leadbetter,
  • Belinda Butcher,
  • Miriam Calao,
  • Nicole Walsh,
  • Catherine O’Sullivan,
  • Tegan Smith,
  • Geoffrey Littlejohn

摘要

Introduction

This study sought to describe treatment patterns, persistence, and effectiveness of upadacitinib (UPA) alone and compared to other Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) or tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

This retrospective, non-interventional study used the OPAL dataset, derived from electronic medical records. Patients initiated UPA (N = 2624), other JAKis (baricitinib and tofacitinib [N = 925]), or TNFis (adalimumab, etanercept, certolizumab, golimumab, infliximab [N = 3540]) between May 2020 and March 2023. Median persistence (Kaplan-Meier, log rank test) and effectiveness (Disease Activity Score 28-joint C-reactive protein, three variables [DAS28CRP{3}]) were evaluated for UPA-treated patients and in three propensity score-matched cohorts: UPA monotherapy versus combination therapy, UPA versus other JAKis, and UPA versus TNFis.

Results

In patients prescribed UPA, 41.3% were ≥ 65 years old, 33.8% were prescribed as first-line advanced therapy, and 27.2% were prescribed monotherapy. Median persistence on UPA was 26.6 months (95% confidence intervals: 24.4, 29.9) and longest in earlier lines of therapy. The DAS28CRP(3) remission rate was 73% at 3 months, with improvements observed across lines of therapy. UPA monotherapy and combination therapy had similar median persistence (27.8 [23.5, 33.4] versus 30.4 months [22.1, 35.3], p = 0.84) and effectiveness. UPA showed longer median persistence than other JAKis (28.8 [25.6, 32.4] versus 17.2 months [14.9, 19.8], p < 0.001) and TNFis (26.6 [24.9, 30.8] versus 13.3 months [11.5, 14.5], p < 0.001). DAS28CRP(3) remission rates were greater at 3 months for UPA than other JAKis (75.0% versus 61.5%) and TNFis (72.7% versus 59.5%). In unmatched subgroups, compared to cycling between TNFis, switching to UPA from other JAKis or TNFis resulted in longer median persistence (months: JAKi-to-UPA: 25.3 [16.1, not reached]; TNFi-to-UPA: 27.8 [23.2, 35.4]; TNFi-to-TNFi: 9.6 [8.4, 10.7]) and greater DAS-28CRP(3) remission rates over 9 months.

Conclusions

Overall, the breadth and depth of data from this large real-world dataset continue to support a favorable clinical profile of UPA for the treatment of RA and may inform treatment choices in everyday clinical practice.