Psychological Distress and Social Support Among Stroke Survivors in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study
摘要
Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability and is often accompanied by psychological difficulties that may affect recovery and social reintegration. To estimate the rates of anxiety and depression, the prevalence of anxiety and depression among stroke survivors and to examine their associations with social support and functional independence. A cross-sectional study included 157 post-stroke patients. Anxiety and depression were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, social support using Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, and functional status using the Barthel Index. Associations were examined using both univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Among the participants, 14.0% experienced anxiety and 15.9% experienced depression. In univariable analyses, older age was associated with lower odds of anxiety but higher odds of depression. Anxiety was more common among patients with kidney disease or obesity and those reporting higher emotional and informational support. Depression was associated with longer duration since stroke and hyperlipidemia, whereas higher educational level, greater functional independence, and stronger emotional, affectionate, and positive social interaction support were associated with lower odds of depression. In multivariable analyses, only a limited number of factors remained independently associated with the outcomes. Buddhist religion was associated with lower odds of anxiety (aOR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03–0.76), and greater functional independence (Barthel Index) was associated with lower odds of depression (aOR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93–0.99). Other associations were attenuated and were not statistically significant after adjustment. Anxiety and depression are common after stroke and are associated with age, comorbidities, functional status, and selected domains of social support. These findings support the need for individualized psychosocial care integrated with functional rehabilitation.