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<p>The development of high-performance and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors is a critical challenge for industrial sustainability. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into hybrid “green” corrosion inhibitors based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the protection of high-carbon steel T8. The inhibitors, comprising an aqueous suspension of 0.15 wt% ZnO and a composite of 0.15 wt% ZnO in 0.5 wt% pectin, were evaluated in acidic and neutral corrosive media. The experimental approaches, including weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and surface morphology analysis, were employed. In highly acidic environments, the ZnO NPs suspension demonstrated superior inhibition efficiency (64.26%), whereas the ZnO/pectin composite excelled in 0.1&#xa0;M NaCl, achieving 82.86% efficiency. This disparity is attributed to the instability of the physically adsorbed pectin layer under strong acid conditions versus its effective chemisorption and formation of a barrier film in the chloride solution. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed an endothermic corrosion process and indicated that the inhibitors increase the activation energy, with the ZnO/pectin system inducing the most significant rise (<i>Eₐ</i> = 42.99&#xa0;kJ·mol⁻¹), suggesting the formation of a stable and ordered protective layer. EIS data corroborated the formation of a superior protective film by the composite inhibitor, evidenced by a substantial increase in charge transfer resistance. This work highlights the significant potential and precise application criteria of ZnO-based hybrid inhibitors, offering a sustainable and effective strategy for corrosion control with tailored effectiveness for specific service conditions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Inhibitive Effect of a Hybrid Zinc Oxide-Pectin Composite on the Corrosion of Carbon Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Haonan Li,
  • Oksana Dubinina,
  • Galina Lyamina

摘要

The development of high-performance and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors is a critical challenge for industrial sustainability. This study presents a comprehensive investigation into hybrid “green” corrosion inhibitors based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for the protection of high-carbon steel T8. The inhibitors, comprising an aqueous suspension of 0.15 wt% ZnO and a composite of 0.15 wt% ZnO in 0.5 wt% pectin, were evaluated in acidic and neutral corrosive media. The experimental approaches, including weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and surface morphology analysis, were employed. In highly acidic environments, the ZnO NPs suspension demonstrated superior inhibition efficiency (64.26%), whereas the ZnO/pectin composite excelled in 0.1 M NaCl, achieving 82.86% efficiency. This disparity is attributed to the instability of the physically adsorbed pectin layer under strong acid conditions versus its effective chemisorption and formation of a barrier film in the chloride solution. Thermodynamic analyses confirmed an endothermic corrosion process and indicated that the inhibitors increase the activation energy, with the ZnO/pectin system inducing the most significant rise (Eₐ = 42.99 kJ·mol⁻¹), suggesting the formation of a stable and ordered protective layer. EIS data corroborated the formation of a superior protective film by the composite inhibitor, evidenced by a substantial increase in charge transfer resistance. This work highlights the significant potential and precise application criteria of ZnO-based hybrid inhibitors, offering a sustainable and effective strategy for corrosion control with tailored effectiveness for specific service conditions.

Graphical Abstract