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<p>Cutting fluids play a vital role in machining operations by reducing friction, dissipating heat, and extending tool life. However, conventional mineral oil-based fluids pose significant environmental and health concerns due to their poor biodegradability and toxicity. This study investigates the machining performance of a biodegradable cutting fluid (BVO) formulated from a blend of Neem and Mahua oils, compared to conventional mineral oil (MO), during the turning of SS316 stainless steel. Using a Taguchi-based design of experiments and statistical tools such as S/N ratio analysis and ANOVA, the influence of key process parameters cutting fluid type, feed rate, and spindle speed was evaluated with respect to cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear. The results revealed that BVO significantly outperformed MO, demonstrating lower cutting forces, improved surface finish, and reduced tool wear across all tested conditions. Feed rate was identified as the most influential parameter, with optimal performance consistently achieved at 0.050&#xa0;mm/rev and 1270&#xa0;rpm when using BVO. Statistical analysis confirmed the reliability of the findings, highlighting the strong significance of cutting fluid type on surface roughness and tool wear. The study concludes that Neem-Mahua-based BVO offers a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional mineral oils, making it suitable for high-precision applications in aerospace, medical, and automotive manufacturing sectors.</p>

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Performance Evaluation of Blended Neem and Mahua Oil-Based Cutting Fluids in Machining of SS316 Stainless Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • T. P. Jeevan,
  • H. V. Divya,
  • P. Madhu,
  • B. N. Sharath,
  • S. Pradeep

摘要

Cutting fluids play a vital role in machining operations by reducing friction, dissipating heat, and extending tool life. However, conventional mineral oil-based fluids pose significant environmental and health concerns due to their poor biodegradability and toxicity. This study investigates the machining performance of a biodegradable cutting fluid (BVO) formulated from a blend of Neem and Mahua oils, compared to conventional mineral oil (MO), during the turning of SS316 stainless steel. Using a Taguchi-based design of experiments and statistical tools such as S/N ratio analysis and ANOVA, the influence of key process parameters cutting fluid type, feed rate, and spindle speed was evaluated with respect to cutting force, surface roughness, and tool wear. The results revealed that BVO significantly outperformed MO, demonstrating lower cutting forces, improved surface finish, and reduced tool wear across all tested conditions. Feed rate was identified as the most influential parameter, with optimal performance consistently achieved at 0.050 mm/rev and 1270 rpm when using BVO. Statistical analysis confirmed the reliability of the findings, highlighting the strong significance of cutting fluid type on surface roughness and tool wear. The study concludes that Neem-Mahua-based BVO offers a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional mineral oils, making it suitable for high-precision applications in aerospace, medical, and automotive manufacturing sectors.