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<p>This study presents the design and hybrid modeling of a spar-type floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) platform optimised for deployment at a shallower water depth of 40&#xa0;m. A parametric optimization was conducted to develop a new spar platform for a 300-kW wind turbine. The final design was evaluated using a potential-flow-based numerical model to assess hydrodynamic stability—including natural periods—and mooring safety constraints. A 1:40 Froude-scaled physical model was then constructed and tested in a wave flume (40&#xa0;m × 1&#xa0;m × 1.4&#xa0;m) under regular, irregular, and wind–wave combined conditions. Due to geometric limitations of the flume, a modified mooring layout with shortened leeward chains was used and validated numerically to ensure accurate representation of the original configuration. Experimental results showed minimal heave motion and pitch angles below 12°, satisfying the design criterion. Surge and pitch were more sensitive to long-period waves, consistent with numerical predictions. Under wind–wave coupling, the numerical model, simplified with a constant thrust load, overestimated pitch motion—indicating a need for more advanced aero-hydro coupling. The deviation between numerical and experimental results remained within ~ 15%, confirming the feasibility and structural safety of the new spar design. These findings suggest that hybrid experimental–numerical approaches can support the deployment of spar-type FOWTs in shallower regions, where fixed-bottom solutions may be unsuitable, for instance, due to weak soil conditions.</p>

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Design and hybrid modeling of a spar-type floating offshore wind turbine for shallower water depths

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月3日

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  • Kadir Aktaş,
  • Elif Türkarslan,
  • Rudy Alkarem,
  • Ali Arıdıcı,
  • Bergüzar Öztunali Özbahçeci,
  • Ünver Özkol

摘要

This study presents the design and hybrid modeling of a spar-type floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) platform optimised for deployment at a shallower water depth of 40 m. A parametric optimization was conducted to develop a new spar platform for a 300-kW wind turbine. The final design was evaluated using a potential-flow-based numerical model to assess hydrodynamic stability—including natural periods—and mooring safety constraints. A 1:40 Froude-scaled physical model was then constructed and tested in a wave flume (40 m × 1 m × 1.4 m) under regular, irregular, and wind–wave combined conditions. Due to geometric limitations of the flume, a modified mooring layout with shortened leeward chains was used and validated numerically to ensure accurate representation of the original configuration. Experimental results showed minimal heave motion and pitch angles below 12°, satisfying the design criterion. Surge and pitch were more sensitive to long-period waves, consistent with numerical predictions. Under wind–wave coupling, the numerical model, simplified with a constant thrust load, overestimated pitch motion—indicating a need for more advanced aero-hydro coupling. The deviation between numerical and experimental results remained within ~ 15%, confirming the feasibility and structural safety of the new spar design. These findings suggest that hybrid experimental–numerical approaches can support the deployment of spar-type FOWTs in shallower regions, where fixed-bottom solutions may be unsuitable, for instance, due to weak soil conditions.