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<p>Crude oil spills are frequent occurrences that endanger the ecosystem, agricultural lands, and human health in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil is limited by the availability of appropriate nutrients to facilitate the growth of the indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes. This study investigates the potential of a sustainable nutrient source derived from biowaste corn-millet blend chaff (CMBC) to biostimulate indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in weathered oil-contaminated soil to facilitate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content degradation in comparison to synthetic nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK 20-10-10) fertilizer. A laboratory-scale bioremediation experiment was conducted using 0.5&#xa0;kg of CMBC/NPK biostimulant amendment per 1&#xa0;kg of oil-contaminated soil for 120 days. The results show that biodegradation of PAHs is as follows: 65% (benz(a)anthracene), 45% (chrysene), 40% (benzo(b)fluoranthene), 46% (benzo(k)fluoranthene), 85% (benzo(a)pyrene), and 58% (anthracene) for CMBC, while NPK 70.6% (benz(a)anthracene), 51% (chrysene), 48.5% (benzo(b)fluoranthene), 48.5% (benzo(k)fluoranthene), 92% (benzo(a)pyrene), and 69% (anthracene), respectively. The CMBC effectively biostimulated indigenous microbes for PAH biodegradation above natural attenuation levels, resulting in statistically significant degradation efficiency (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, CMBC demonstrated biostimulated biodegradation of PAHs in weathered oil-contaminated soil comparable to synthetic NPK fertilizer nutrient amendment (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The findings show that food-derived waste remains a cost-effective and sustainable alternative that can biostimulate indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in oil-contaminated soil, promoting bioremediation by delivering a wide range of nutrients while potentially improving soil fertility and structure. It paves the way for sustainable bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils through the application of food biowaste as a nutrient source.</p>

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Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Weathered Oil-contaminated Soil Via Biostimulation with Biowaste Nutrient and NPK Fertilizer: a Laboratory Scale Study as a Pathway To Pilot Field Trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月28日

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  • Reward Kokah Douglas,
  • Abarasi Hart,
  • Perez Araka Peremelade,
  • Oyeniran Adelani

摘要

Crude oil spills are frequent occurrences that endanger the ecosystem, agricultural lands, and human health in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil is limited by the availability of appropriate nutrients to facilitate the growth of the indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes. This study investigates the potential of a sustainable nutrient source derived from biowaste corn-millet blend chaff (CMBC) to biostimulate indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in weathered oil-contaminated soil to facilitate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) content degradation in comparison to synthetic nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK 20-10-10) fertilizer. A laboratory-scale bioremediation experiment was conducted using 0.5 kg of CMBC/NPK biostimulant amendment per 1 kg of oil-contaminated soil for 120 days. The results show that biodegradation of PAHs is as follows: 65% (benz(a)anthracene), 45% (chrysene), 40% (benzo(b)fluoranthene), 46% (benzo(k)fluoranthene), 85% (benzo(a)pyrene), and 58% (anthracene) for CMBC, while NPK 70.6% (benz(a)anthracene), 51% (chrysene), 48.5% (benzo(b)fluoranthene), 48.5% (benzo(k)fluoranthene), 92% (benzo(a)pyrene), and 69% (anthracene), respectively. The CMBC effectively biostimulated indigenous microbes for PAH biodegradation above natural attenuation levels, resulting in statistically significant degradation efficiency (p < 0.05). Additionally, CMBC demonstrated biostimulated biodegradation of PAHs in weathered oil-contaminated soil comparable to synthetic NPK fertilizer nutrient amendment (p > 0.05). The findings show that food-derived waste remains a cost-effective and sustainable alternative that can biostimulate indigenous hydrocarbon-degrading microbes in oil-contaminated soil, promoting bioremediation by delivering a wide range of nutrients while potentially improving soil fertility and structure. It paves the way for sustainable bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils through the application of food biowaste as a nutrient source.