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<p>The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role to ensure body homeostasis, acting as a multifunctional barrier against pathogens and to assure nutrient absorption. The intestinal barrier consists of a complex mucous layer, epithelial cells characterised by tight junctions (TJ) and lymphoid tissues, which, together, regulate intestinal permeability, protect the epithelium and facilitate proper absorption of nutrients and water. Alterations in the barrier are associated with several diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and endocrine-metabolic disorders such as thyroid pathologies. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) play a key role in preserving the intestinal barrier function, regulating cell turnover and intestinal epithelium integrity. The absorption of levothyroxine (L-T4) and iodine is closely related to the integrity of the barrier, which, in synergy with the microbiota, can impact the bioavailability of these compounds. Disease states alter the balance of the barrier affecting the absorption of L-T4 and iodine, compromising thyroid homeostasis and contributing to systemic dysfunction.</p>

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L’asse intestino-tiroide: come le alterazioni della barriera influenzano lo stato tiroideo

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月20日

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  • Federica Restolfer,
  • Pierluigi De Pierro,
  • Lucia Acampora,
  • Giovanni Sarnelli,
  • Monica Dentice

摘要

The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role to ensure body homeostasis, acting as a multifunctional barrier against pathogens and to assure nutrient absorption. The intestinal barrier consists of a complex mucous layer, epithelial cells characterised by tight junctions (TJ) and lymphoid tissues, which, together, regulate intestinal permeability, protect the epithelium and facilitate proper absorption of nutrients and water. Alterations in the barrier are associated with several diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and endocrine-metabolic disorders such as thyroid pathologies. Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) play a key role in preserving the intestinal barrier function, regulating cell turnover and intestinal epithelium integrity. The absorption of levothyroxine (L-T4) and iodine is closely related to the integrity of the barrier, which, in synergy with the microbiota, can impact the bioavailability of these compounds. Disease states alter the balance of the barrier affecting the absorption of L-T4 and iodine, compromising thyroid homeostasis and contributing to systemic dysfunction.