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Purpose <p>Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is the most common thyroid-related autoimmune inflammatory disorder. Despite a surge in TED-related publications over the past five years—matching the total output of the preceding sixteen years—a systematic bibliometric analysis remains absent. This study aims to systematically map the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future trends in TED research.</p> Methods <p>Publications related to TED from 2004 to 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “Bibliometrix” were utilized for bibliometric analysis.</p> Results <p>A total of 4,306 publications from 91 countries, led by the United States and China, were included. The number of TED publications has shown a consistent upward trend. The leading research institution was the University of Pisa. Among scientific journals, the <i>Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Metabolism</i>, <i>THYROID</i>, <i>Journal of Endocrinological Investigation</i>,<i> and Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery</i>, had the highest number of publications. The 15,766 contributing authors were led by Smith, Kahaly, Marino, Yoon, and Marcocci in terms of publication volume. Bartalena was identified as the most frequently co-cited author. TED research focuses foremost on mechanisms (pathogenesis, immunity, autoantibodies), treatment (management, therapy, orbital complications), and epidemiology (prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors). Artificial intelligence, disease activity, hearing loss, teprotumumab, dysthyroid optic neuropathy, inflammation, and magnetic resonance imaging are the primary keywords of emerging research hotspots.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study represents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of TED, summarizing its knowledge mapping, research hotspots, and frontiers, while providing valuable insights for scholars in the field.</p>

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Bibliometrics in thyroid eye disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • YuanPing Hai,
  • QinTao Ma,
  • Anqi Huang,
  • Sijie Fang,
  • Yongzhi Shen,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Lan Liu,
  • Maximilian Luffy,
  • Jie Shen,
  • George J. Kahaly

摘要

Purpose

Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is the most common thyroid-related autoimmune inflammatory disorder. Despite a surge in TED-related publications over the past five years—matching the total output of the preceding sixteen years—a systematic bibliometric analysis remains absent. This study aims to systematically map the knowledge structure, research hotspots, and future trends in TED research.

Methods

Publications related to TED from 2004 to 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “Bibliometrix” were utilized for bibliometric analysis.

Results

A total of 4,306 publications from 91 countries, led by the United States and China, were included. The number of TED publications has shown a consistent upward trend. The leading research institution was the University of Pisa. Among scientific journals, the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, THYROID, Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, and Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, had the highest number of publications. The 15,766 contributing authors were led by Smith, Kahaly, Marino, Yoon, and Marcocci in terms of publication volume. Bartalena was identified as the most frequently co-cited author. TED research focuses foremost on mechanisms (pathogenesis, immunity, autoantibodies), treatment (management, therapy, orbital complications), and epidemiology (prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors). Artificial intelligence, disease activity, hearing loss, teprotumumab, dysthyroid optic neuropathy, inflammation, and magnetic resonance imaging are the primary keywords of emerging research hotspots.

Conclusion

Our study represents the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of TED, summarizing its knowledge mapping, research hotspots, and frontiers, while providing valuable insights for scholars in the field.