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Introduction <p>In this article, we aim to study the effects of racial disparities on inpatient cardiac arrest (IPCA) outcomes in the USA.</p> Methods <p>We have utilized the 2021 National Inpatient Sample, an all-payer inpatient database based in the USA, to identify IPCA nationwide. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were performed to study the effects of racial and socioeconomic disparities on IPCA. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality, and secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), total hospital charges (THC), discharge to subacute rehab, and rates of advanced cardiac interventions. We have additionally performed subgroup analysis looking into healthcare utilization based on mortality in the predefined races.</p> Results <p>We identified 177,645 IPCAs, with 133,995 (75.4%) resulting in inpatient mortality. Using the White population as a reference, the Hispanic population had the highest rates of inpatient mortality, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.57 (CI 1.43–1.72), followed by the unassigned races, aOR of 1.31 (CI 1.17–1.47), the Black population with an aOR of 1.24 (CI 1.16–1.33), and the Asian population with an aOR of 1.16 (CI 1.01–1.33). Among the secondary outcomes tested, the Black population had the highest LOS, and the Hispanic patients had the highest THC.</p> Conclusions <p>We underscore the potential effects of racial disparities on IPCA outcomes. Further studies should be directed towards narrowing the disparity gaps and providing equal care in IPCA among different races and social classes.</p>

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Racial Disparities in Inpatient Cardiac Arrest Outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月16日

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  • Rahul Sharma,
  • Nadim Jaafar,
  • Pooja Selvam,
  • Johnny Atallah,
  • Jacopo Bertacchi,
  • James Porterfield

摘要

Introduction

In this article, we aim to study the effects of racial disparities on inpatient cardiac arrest (IPCA) outcomes in the USA.

Methods

We have utilized the 2021 National Inpatient Sample, an all-payer inpatient database based in the USA, to identify IPCA nationwide. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were performed to study the effects of racial and socioeconomic disparities on IPCA. The primary outcome was inpatient mortality, and secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), total hospital charges (THC), discharge to subacute rehab, and rates of advanced cardiac interventions. We have additionally performed subgroup analysis looking into healthcare utilization based on mortality in the predefined races.

Results

We identified 177,645 IPCAs, with 133,995 (75.4%) resulting in inpatient mortality. Using the White population as a reference, the Hispanic population had the highest rates of inpatient mortality, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.57 (CI 1.43–1.72), followed by the unassigned races, aOR of 1.31 (CI 1.17–1.47), the Black population with an aOR of 1.24 (CI 1.16–1.33), and the Asian population with an aOR of 1.16 (CI 1.01–1.33). Among the secondary outcomes tested, the Black population had the highest LOS, and the Hispanic patients had the highest THC.

Conclusions

We underscore the potential effects of racial disparities on IPCA outcomes. Further studies should be directed towards narrowing the disparity gaps and providing equal care in IPCA among different races and social classes.