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Background <p>American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) caregivers report significantly higher rates of depression and poor mental health compared to caregivers of other races. Although population data on physical and mental health disparities of the AI/AN population have been previously studied, research into factors that are associated with poor mental health among AI/AN caregivers is scarce.</p> Methods <p>Utilizing the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) 2019–2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study to assess rates of depression and FPMHDs among caregivers. We compared the presence of depression and 14 + FPMHDs by self-reported races and ethnicities and among AI/AN caregivers by type of insurance, education, income, level of care, and the care recipient’s condition.</p> Results <p>AI/AN caregivers had the highest reported rates of depression (34.58%) and 14 + FPMHDs (30.27%). These were significantly higher than that of non-Hispanic White caregivers, in both depression (28.29%, <i>p</i> = .044) and 14 + FPMHDs (19.55%, <i>p</i> &lt; .0001). Rates of depression among AI/AN caregivers significantly varied by insurance (<i>p</i> = .0006) and the condition of the care recipient (<i>p</i> = .001). AI/AN caregivers insured by military-related insurance (46.91%) and Medicaid (45.74%) had the highest rates of depression. Higher rates of depression were also found in caregivers of people with mental illnesses (71.19%), cardiovascular disease (50.95%), or chronic respiratory conditions (47.67%).</p> Conclusion <p>Analysis of the factors that contribute to depression among AI/AN caregivers can inform policy and social support networks to address key facets of caregiver strain.</p>

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Factors Associated with Depression Among American Indian/Alaskan Native Caregivers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Zach Monahan,
  • Joanna George,
  • Dalton Hockett,
  • Tucker Hopkins,
  • Doug Nolan,
  • Amy Hendrix-Dicken,
  • Micah Hartwell

摘要

Background

American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) caregivers report significantly higher rates of depression and poor mental health compared to caregivers of other races. Although population data on physical and mental health disparities of the AI/AN population have been previously studied, research into factors that are associated with poor mental health among AI/AN caregivers is scarce.

Methods

Utilizing the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) 2019–2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study to assess rates of depression and FPMHDs among caregivers. We compared the presence of depression and 14 + FPMHDs by self-reported races and ethnicities and among AI/AN caregivers by type of insurance, education, income, level of care, and the care recipient’s condition.

Results

AI/AN caregivers had the highest reported rates of depression (34.58%) and 14 + FPMHDs (30.27%). These were significantly higher than that of non-Hispanic White caregivers, in both depression (28.29%, p = .044) and 14 + FPMHDs (19.55%, p < .0001). Rates of depression among AI/AN caregivers significantly varied by insurance (p = .0006) and the condition of the care recipient (p = .001). AI/AN caregivers insured by military-related insurance (46.91%) and Medicaid (45.74%) had the highest rates of depression. Higher rates of depression were also found in caregivers of people with mental illnesses (71.19%), cardiovascular disease (50.95%), or chronic respiratory conditions (47.67%).

Conclusion

Analysis of the factors that contribute to depression among AI/AN caregivers can inform policy and social support networks to address key facets of caregiver strain.