<p>Worldwide, equal access to healthcare services for everyone has been a topmost priority of health economics. However, the deficiency and maldistribution of health resources is still a global concern. This study, thus, tried to evaluate the inequities of public healthcare access in the district of West Bengal using Penchanskey and Thomas’s Theory of Access. For this purpose, it developed a PCA-based multi-dimensional public healthcare access index (PHAI). Further, multiple linear regression was used to identify the specific importance of each dimension: availability, accessibility, accommodation, affordability, and acceptability of the employed index in securing health equity. Finally, considering the two-way strong relationship between healthcare access and health outcomes, the association between PHAI and selected health outcome indicators, represented by life expectancy, neonatal mortality, under-five mortality, and maternal mortality, was analysed using Karl Pearson’s correlation technique. The study findings revealed that unequal access to health services is not only hampered by a lack of supply and demand of health resources but also by the consumer’s ability to pay, followed by willingness, and functionality of the healthcare system. Most districts in central and eastern parts are under-resourced, leading to a wider disparity in access to healthcare services due to their limited infrastructure, economic capacity, skilled lady workers, and distance to healthcare centres. Additionally, the correlation estimation confirmed a significant negative association between PHAI and mortality indicators, indicating the districts with higher availability and utilisation of health resources are linked to better health status in the population. The study findings believe that governments and policymakers may prioritise the affordability, acceptability, and accommodation indicators in addition to supply–demand to improve the existing healthcare system in order to achieve universal coverage of healthcare access.</p>