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Background <p>The associations between left atrial (LA) size, echocardiographic diastolic parameter (E/A ratio), and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in older inpatients remain underexplored.</p> Aims <p>This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between LA size, E/A ratio, and AF risk in older hospitalized patients.</p> Methods <p>Between January 2015 and May 2023, a total of 2,615 older inpatients (aged ≥ 65&#xa0;years) were enrolled in this retrospective longitudinal study. Left atrial diameter (LAD) and E/A ratio were measured using transthoracic echocardiography.</p> Results <p>Over a median follow-up of 844&#xa0;days (IQR: 331–1355&#xa0;days), 209 patients (8.0%) experienced at least one incident of AF. After adjusting for covariates, large LA and high E/A ratio were significantly associated with incident AF, with an 11% increase in risk for each 1&#xa0;mm increase in LAD over 35&#xa0;mm (adjusted HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.10–1.13) and a 30% increased risk per standard deviation increase in E/A ratio when E/A ratio exceeded 0.65 (adjusted HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.23–1.37), P &lt; 0.001. The influence of LA size and E/A ratio on incident AF was more pronounced in the younger subgroup of older adults. Incorporating LAD and E/A ratios into the CHA2DS2-VASc score improved its predictive accuracy (AUC <sub>increase</sub> = 0.168, P &lt; 0.001).</p> Discussion <p>This study shows that LA size and E/A ratio are key predictors of AF in hospitalized older patients, with age influencing their predictive value. Incorporating these factors into the CHA2DS2-VASc score enhances risk stratification and highlights the need for early AF screening in this group.</p> Conclusions <p>In hospitalized older patients, large LA and high E/A ratio are associated with incident AF, and these associations are more pronounced in younger individuals. LAD and E/A ratios provide incremental predictive value for AF beyond the CHA2DS2-VASc score.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>LA, left atrium; ASE: American Society of Echocardiography; E, mitral inflow velocity in the early diastolic phase; A, mitral inflow velocity in the late diastolic phase; AF: Atrial Fibrillation.</p> <p></p>

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Left atrial size and echocardiographic diastolic parameters as predictors of incident atrial fibrillation in older hospitalized patients

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月14日

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  • Yan Yin,
  • Yanguang Li,
  • Lili Wang,
  • Qiaoyuan Li,
  • Xu Liu,
  • Zhipeng Hu,
  • Jiawei Zhang,
  • Tao Zhang,
  • Zhuo Liang,
  • ShaoMin Chen,
  • Yunlong Wang

摘要

Background

The associations between left atrial (LA) size, echocardiographic diastolic parameter (E/A ratio), and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in older inpatients remain underexplored.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between LA size, E/A ratio, and AF risk in older hospitalized patients.

Methods

Between January 2015 and May 2023, a total of 2,615 older inpatients (aged ≥ 65 years) were enrolled in this retrospective longitudinal study. Left atrial diameter (LAD) and E/A ratio were measured using transthoracic echocardiography.

Results

Over a median follow-up of 844 days (IQR: 331–1355 days), 209 patients (8.0%) experienced at least one incident of AF. After adjusting for covariates, large LA and high E/A ratio were significantly associated with incident AF, with an 11% increase in risk for each 1 mm increase in LAD over 35 mm (adjusted HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.10–1.13) and a 30% increased risk per standard deviation increase in E/A ratio when E/A ratio exceeded 0.65 (adjusted HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.23–1.37), P < 0.001. The influence of LA size and E/A ratio on incident AF was more pronounced in the younger subgroup of older adults. Incorporating LAD and E/A ratios into the CHA2DS2-VASc score improved its predictive accuracy (AUC increase = 0.168, P < 0.001).

Discussion

This study shows that LA size and E/A ratio are key predictors of AF in hospitalized older patients, with age influencing their predictive value. Incorporating these factors into the CHA2DS2-VASc score enhances risk stratification and highlights the need for early AF screening in this group.

Conclusions

In hospitalized older patients, large LA and high E/A ratio are associated with incident AF, and these associations are more pronounced in younger individuals. LAD and E/A ratios provide incremental predictive value for AF beyond the CHA2DS2-VASc score.

Graphical Abstract

LA, left atrium; ASE: American Society of Echocardiography; E, mitral inflow velocity in the early diastolic phase; A, mitral inflow velocity in the late diastolic phase; AF: Atrial Fibrillation.