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Purpose <p>Based on the presence of early satiety in anorexia nervosa (AN), which may delay recovery, and given the dramatic impact of GLP-1 and GIP analog treatment on satiety and weight reduction in obesity by diminishing the sensation of hunger, we initiated this cross-sectional pilot study to explore fasting incretin levels in AN and to identify possible correlations between these hormones and psychiatric symptoms.</p> Methods <p>17 female subjects aged 18–35 were enrolled; 10 previously diagnosed with AN (5 weight restored, 5 non-weight restored) and 7 healthy controls (HC). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for incretin levels using ELISA. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using self-assessment scales for eating disorders (EDI-3, EDE-Q), anxiety (STAI-S + T), depression (MADRS-S), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCI-R).</p> Results <p>Subjects with AN scored overall higher on psychiatric scales, indicating poorer psychological well-being than HC. In non-weight restored AN (non-WRAN) subjects both serum GLP-1 levels (29 (15–85) vs 16 (15–21) pg/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.048) as well as serum GIP levels (37 (14–163) vs 5 (2–58) pmol/L; <i>p</i> = 0.048) were elevated compared to HC. No differences were found in glucagon or PYY levels between groups. A strong correlation between serum GLP-1 levels and EDI-perfectionism independent of BMI (r = 0.768, <i>p</i> = 0.001) was found in the entire group.</p> Conclusions <p>Independent of BMI, GLP-1 levels were associated with perfectionism, a typical characteristic of AN. Fasting GLP-1 levels were elevated in subjects with non-WRAN. Elevated GLP-1 levels may perpetuate AN symptoms, emphasizing the need for further research into their role in the metabolic and psychiatric dimensions of AN.</p> <p><i>Level of evidence</i>: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed case–control analytic studies.</p>

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GLP-1 is associated with perfectionism in Swedish women with anorexia nervosa, independent of BMI

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月3日

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  • Sofia Elm,
  • Suzanne Petersson,
  • Martin Carlsson,
  • Lars Brudin,
  • Ina Marteinsdottir,
  • Pär Wanby

摘要

Purpose

Based on the presence of early satiety in anorexia nervosa (AN), which may delay recovery, and given the dramatic impact of GLP-1 and GIP analog treatment on satiety and weight reduction in obesity by diminishing the sensation of hunger, we initiated this cross-sectional pilot study to explore fasting incretin levels in AN and to identify possible correlations between these hormones and psychiatric symptoms.

Methods

17 female subjects aged 18–35 were enrolled; 10 previously diagnosed with AN (5 weight restored, 5 non-weight restored) and 7 healthy controls (HC). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for incretin levels using ELISA. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using self-assessment scales for eating disorders (EDI-3, EDE-Q), anxiety (STAI-S + T), depression (MADRS-S), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCI-R).

Results

Subjects with AN scored overall higher on psychiatric scales, indicating poorer psychological well-being than HC. In non-weight restored AN (non-WRAN) subjects both serum GLP-1 levels (29 (15–85) vs 16 (15–21) pg/mL; p = 0.048) as well as serum GIP levels (37 (14–163) vs 5 (2–58) pmol/L; p = 0.048) were elevated compared to HC. No differences were found in glucagon or PYY levels between groups. A strong correlation between serum GLP-1 levels and EDI-perfectionism independent of BMI (r = 0.768, p = 0.001) was found in the entire group.

Conclusions

Independent of BMI, GLP-1 levels were associated with perfectionism, a typical characteristic of AN. Fasting GLP-1 levels were elevated in subjects with non-WRAN. Elevated GLP-1 levels may perpetuate AN symptoms, emphasizing the need for further research into their role in the metabolic and psychiatric dimensions of AN.

Level of evidence: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed case–control analytic studies.