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<p>This study investigates the liquefaction potential of recycled granulated rubber (GR) mixed with sand as a sustainable material for ground improvement applications. To this end, four series of 1-g shaking table tests were conducted using a laminar box containing loose, saturated sand and sand-GR (SGR) mixtures. The SGR mixtures were prepared using three GR particle size ranges of 2.5–5&#xa0;mm, 5–10&#xa0;mm, and 10–15&#xa0;mm and three GR contents of 10%, 20%, and 30% by volume. The laminar box was shaken sinusoidally with a peak acceleration of 0.35&#xa0;g and frequency of 2&#xa0;Hz. The buildup of pore water pressures in the deposits during shaking were recorded. The results demonstrated that addition of GR particles to sand significantly reduced excess pore water pressure generation and prevented the onset of full liquefaction. However, at shallow depths (around 0.27&#xa0;H, where H denotes the height of deposit), the SGR mixtures with the formulation adopted in this study could not prevent liquefaction. In SGR mixtures compromising GR with particle sizes of 10–15&#xa0;mm, increasing the GR content consistently produced higher excess pore water pressure in the deposit— an effect not observed for other particle sizes.</p>

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Shaking Table Study on Liquefaction Resistance of Sand- Granulated Rubber Mixtures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Nurhan Ecemis,
  • Ahmad Rajabian,
  • Mustafa Karaman

摘要

This study investigates the liquefaction potential of recycled granulated rubber (GR) mixed with sand as a sustainable material for ground improvement applications. To this end, four series of 1-g shaking table tests were conducted using a laminar box containing loose, saturated sand and sand-GR (SGR) mixtures. The SGR mixtures were prepared using three GR particle size ranges of 2.5–5 mm, 5–10 mm, and 10–15 mm and three GR contents of 10%, 20%, and 30% by volume. The laminar box was shaken sinusoidally with a peak acceleration of 0.35 g and frequency of 2 Hz. The buildup of pore water pressures in the deposits during shaking were recorded. The results demonstrated that addition of GR particles to sand significantly reduced excess pore water pressure generation and prevented the onset of full liquefaction. However, at shallow depths (around 0.27 H, where H denotes the height of deposit), the SGR mixtures with the formulation adopted in this study could not prevent liquefaction. In SGR mixtures compromising GR with particle sizes of 10–15 mm, increasing the GR content consistently produced higher excess pore water pressure in the deposit— an effect not observed for other particle sizes.