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<p>This study experimentally investigates the effect of particle size and fine sand contents on stress-dilatancy response of granular materials of different particle size ranges (0.075–0.425&#xa0;mm, 0.425–2&#xa0;mm, and 2–4.75&#xa0;mm). Direct shear tests were performed at normal stress of 50, 100, and 200&#xa0;kPa, under controlled laboratory conditions, on the specimens prepared at relative densities of 30%, 50%, and 80%. The influence of fine sand content (0–100%) over the coarse sand was also examined. Results show that the relative density and normal stress primarily control both shear and volumetric behavior. Dense specimens exhibit strain softening and significant dilation, while loose specimens show contractive behavior. The coarser particle produces higher dilation angle and volumetric expansion due to improved interlocking. Peak friction angle increases slightly with particle size, though dilation plays a major role in strength mobilization. The addition of fine sand modifies packing, and the intermediate fine sand content (around 40%) reduces dilation and stress ratio due to void filling. Overall, the study highlights that particle size and fine sand content critically control stress-dilatancy behavior, and their effects must be explicitly incorporated in geotechnical analysis and constitutive modeling for reliable prediction of soil response.</p>

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Influence of Particle Size on Stress-Dilatancy Behaviour of Granular Materials Incorporating Fine Sand Content

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Shiv Shankar Kumar

摘要

This study experimentally investigates the effect of particle size and fine sand contents on stress-dilatancy response of granular materials of different particle size ranges (0.075–0.425 mm, 0.425–2 mm, and 2–4.75 mm). Direct shear tests were performed at normal stress of 50, 100, and 200 kPa, under controlled laboratory conditions, on the specimens prepared at relative densities of 30%, 50%, and 80%. The influence of fine sand content (0–100%) over the coarse sand was also examined. Results show that the relative density and normal stress primarily control both shear and volumetric behavior. Dense specimens exhibit strain softening and significant dilation, while loose specimens show contractive behavior. The coarser particle produces higher dilation angle and volumetric expansion due to improved interlocking. Peak friction angle increases slightly with particle size, though dilation plays a major role in strength mobilization. The addition of fine sand modifies packing, and the intermediate fine sand content (around 40%) reduces dilation and stress ratio due to void filling. Overall, the study highlights that particle size and fine sand content critically control stress-dilatancy behavior, and their effects must be explicitly incorporated in geotechnical analysis and constitutive modeling for reliable prediction of soil response.