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<p>The present study examines the effects of loading plate shape and soil type on the performance of retaining walls.The laboratory experiments were conducted with soil particle sizes of 0.249, 1.18, and 15 mm (angles of internal friction of 28°, 40°, and 46°, respectively) and three foundation shapes: circular, square, and rectangular. The experimental results indicate the effect of soil particle size and shape on the lateral force. Soil with larger particles requires a higher surcharge pressure to achieve the same settlement compared to other cases, and this will cause higher horizontal pressure on the wall. For the first and second tested soils, a settlement of 5 cm occurs with circular, square, and rectangular loading plates at pressures of 484 kPa, 416 kPa, and 594 kPa, and 165 kPa, 154 kPa, and 148 kPa, respectively. It was found that the maximum stress and strain occur in the backfill with the first soil with the maximum particle size and with circular, square, and rectangular plates at 60%, 84%, and 84% of the embankment height from the wall foot, respectively. Moreover, the maximum horizontal stress in this soil with circular, square, and rectangular foundations was estimated as 0.48%, 0.68%, and 0.48% of the vertical stress for a 5 cm settlement, respectively.</p>

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Effect of Surcharge and Loading Plate Shape on Lateral Earth Pressure in Retaining Walls

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Fatemeh Moala,
  • Javad Ahadiyan,
  • John Abraham,
  • Hossein Azizi Nadian,
  • Masoud Oulapour,
  • Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi

摘要

The present study examines the effects of loading plate shape and soil type on the performance of retaining walls.The laboratory experiments were conducted with soil particle sizes of 0.249, 1.18, and 15 mm (angles of internal friction of 28°, 40°, and 46°, respectively) and three foundation shapes: circular, square, and rectangular. The experimental results indicate the effect of soil particle size and shape on the lateral force. Soil with larger particles requires a higher surcharge pressure to achieve the same settlement compared to other cases, and this will cause higher horizontal pressure on the wall. For the first and second tested soils, a settlement of 5 cm occurs with circular, square, and rectangular loading plates at pressures of 484 kPa, 416 kPa, and 594 kPa, and 165 kPa, 154 kPa, and 148 kPa, respectively. It was found that the maximum stress and strain occur in the backfill with the first soil with the maximum particle size and with circular, square, and rectangular plates at 60%, 84%, and 84% of the embankment height from the wall foot, respectively. Moreover, the maximum horizontal stress in this soil with circular, square, and rectangular foundations was estimated as 0.48%, 0.68%, and 0.48% of the vertical stress for a 5 cm settlement, respectively.