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<p>Skirted foundations improve bearing capacity and reduce settlement in weak soils. The behavior of these foundations under combined vertical, horizontal, and moment loading on silty sand remains insufficiently studied. This research experimentally investigated 12 small-scale skirted foundations on silty sand with 10% silt content, subjected to varying vertical loads, while horizontal and moment loads remained constant. Relative soil density and skirt length were the main influencing parameters. Results indicate that skirts substantially reduced settlement, with reductions ranging from 58.8% to 85.8%, and increased bearing capacity by up to 3.93 times. The interaction between skirt length and soil density was significant, with the highest bearing capacity observed in longer skirts and denser soils. Skirts were more effective in soils with lower relative density. This study addresses a significant research gap, providing experimentally validated insights into the mechanical response of skirted foundations under combined loading and offering guidance for optimized design in civil engineering applications on silty sand soils.</p>

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Effects of Relative Density and Skirt Length on the Combined Loading Response of Skirted Foundation on Silty Sand

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月31日

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  • Mohammadreza Khaleghnejad Tabari,
  • Reza Noorzad,
  • Asskar Janalizadeh Choobbasti

摘要

Skirted foundations improve bearing capacity and reduce settlement in weak soils. The behavior of these foundations under combined vertical, horizontal, and moment loading on silty sand remains insufficiently studied. This research experimentally investigated 12 small-scale skirted foundations on silty sand with 10% silt content, subjected to varying vertical loads, while horizontal and moment loads remained constant. Relative soil density and skirt length were the main influencing parameters. Results indicate that skirts substantially reduced settlement, with reductions ranging from 58.8% to 85.8%, and increased bearing capacity by up to 3.93 times. The interaction between skirt length and soil density was significant, with the highest bearing capacity observed in longer skirts and denser soils. Skirts were more effective in soils with lower relative density. This study addresses a significant research gap, providing experimentally validated insights into the mechanical response of skirted foundations under combined loading and offering guidance for optimized design in civil engineering applications on silty sand soils.