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Purpose of the Review <p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global health crisis, with ESKAPE pathogens (<Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">E</Emphasis><i>nterococcus faecium</i>, <Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">S</Emphasis><i>taphylococcus aureus</i>, <Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">K</Emphasis><i>lebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">A</Emphasis><i>cinetobacter baumannii</i>, <Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">P</Emphasis><i>seudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <Emphasis Type="ItalicUnderline">E</Emphasis><i>nterobacter</i> spp.) driving severe, multidrug-resistant infections. Bacteriophage therapy (PT) offers a targeted alternative; however, its clinical efficacy, safety, and potential outbreak mitigation remain underexplored. This narrative review synthesized evidence from 30 clinical studies to evaluate PT for ESKAPE infections.</p> Recent Findings <p>Complete bacterial clearance was achieved in 10 studies, primarily for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, with clinical improvement in 24 studies, including complex cases like osteomyelitis and cystic fibrosis-related pneumonia. PT was safe, with no serious adverse effects across 25 studies; mild, transient events (e.g., fever) were rare. Mortality, reported in nine studies, was unrelated to PT. One study demonstrated a reduction in nosocomial transmission of <i>A</i>. <i>baumannii</i> using environmental phages, suggesting a potential for outbreak control.</p> Summary <p>PT shows promise as a safe, effective adjunct for MDR infections, but larger trials and standardized protocols are needed to address resistance, optimize dosing, and explore public health applications.</p>

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Examining the Efficacy and Safety of Bacteriophage Therapy on ESKAPE Pathogens and its Potential for Mitigating Disease Outbreaks

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Israel Charles Abraham,
  • John Ehi Aboje,
  • Dorathy Oloche Ojonugwa,
  • Praise Oluwatobi Ogunleke,
  • Mercy Chisom Agu,
  • Adetola Emmanuel Babalola,
  • Matthew Tolulope Olawoyin,
  • Gbolahan Olatunji,
  • Emmanuel Kokori,
  • Nicholas Aderinto

摘要

Purpose of the Review

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global health crisis, with ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.) driving severe, multidrug-resistant infections. Bacteriophage therapy (PT) offers a targeted alternative; however, its clinical efficacy, safety, and potential outbreak mitigation remain underexplored. This narrative review synthesized evidence from 30 clinical studies to evaluate PT for ESKAPE infections.

Recent Findings

Complete bacterial clearance was achieved in 10 studies, primarily for P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, with clinical improvement in 24 studies, including complex cases like osteomyelitis and cystic fibrosis-related pneumonia. PT was safe, with no serious adverse effects across 25 studies; mild, transient events (e.g., fever) were rare. Mortality, reported in nine studies, was unrelated to PT. One study demonstrated a reduction in nosocomial transmission of A. baumannii using environmental phages, suggesting a potential for outbreak control.

Summary

PT shows promise as a safe, effective adjunct for MDR infections, but larger trials and standardized protocols are needed to address resistance, optimize dosing, and explore public health applications.