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<p>Seaweed biostimulants have gained considerable attention as sustainable inputs for improving crop growth due to their diverse biochemical composition. Efficacy of seaweed extracts is determined by seaweed species and the extraction method employed. In the present study, five seaweed species were subjected to seven distinct extraction processes and were applied in soil to evaluate the effects on the early vegetative growth of tomato seedlings. Influence of these extracts on growth, physiological performance, root structural traits, and biomass partitioning was systematically assessed. Among the species tested, <i>Kappaphycus alvarezii</i> and <i>Ulva lactuca</i> consistently exhibited superior performance, particularly when extracted using alkali II (0.1 N KOH). Enhanced seedling growth is primarily associated with improvements in biomass, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and root structural characteristics. Biochemical characterization of the six best performing extracts revealed distinct yet complementary profiles, with <i>Ulva</i> alkali II extracts enriched in phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and proteins, whereas <i>Kappaphycus</i> alkali II extracts were comparatively richer in carbohydrates, soluble sugars, starch, and lipids. These biochemical attributes coincided with increased photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein contents in treated tomato seedlings. Redundancy analysis revealed that physiological enhancements by the high performing extracts, were closely associated with greater shoot mass fraction than root and leaf fractions. Overall, the findings demonstrate that alkali II extracts of <i>Ulva</i> and <i>Kappaphycus</i> are the most promising formulations for promoting early vegetative growth of tomato seedlings highlighting their potential application as effective seaweed based biostimulants.</p>

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Diverse seaweed extracts differentially influence physiological and root traits at vegetative stage of tomato

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Soorya Elumalai,
  • Senthil Alagarswamy,
  • Ponnusamy Janaki,
  • Senthil Kuppusamy,
  • Subramaniam Geethanjali,
  • Boominathan Parasuraman

摘要

Seaweed biostimulants have gained considerable attention as sustainable inputs for improving crop growth due to their diverse biochemical composition. Efficacy of seaweed extracts is determined by seaweed species and the extraction method employed. In the present study, five seaweed species were subjected to seven distinct extraction processes and were applied in soil to evaluate the effects on the early vegetative growth of tomato seedlings. Influence of these extracts on growth, physiological performance, root structural traits, and biomass partitioning was systematically assessed. Among the species tested, Kappaphycus alvarezii and Ulva lactuca consistently exhibited superior performance, particularly when extracted using alkali II (0.1 N KOH). Enhanced seedling growth is primarily associated with improvements in biomass, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, leaf area, and root structural characteristics. Biochemical characterization of the six best performing extracts revealed distinct yet complementary profiles, with Ulva alkali II extracts enriched in phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and proteins, whereas Kappaphycus alkali II extracts were comparatively richer in carbohydrates, soluble sugars, starch, and lipids. These biochemical attributes coincided with increased photosynthetic pigment and soluble protein contents in treated tomato seedlings. Redundancy analysis revealed that physiological enhancements by the high performing extracts, were closely associated with greater shoot mass fraction than root and leaf fractions. Overall, the findings demonstrate that alkali II extracts of Ulva and Kappaphycus are the most promising formulations for promoting early vegetative growth of tomato seedlings highlighting their potential application as effective seaweed based biostimulants.