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<p>Drought is a major constraint for cotton (<i>Gossypium sp</i>.), particularly under rainfed cultivation, leading to substantial yield losses. To elucidate the metabolic basis of drought tolerance, four cotton varieties—JKC-770, JKC-717 (tolerant) and KC-2, RAHS-187 (sensitive)—were subjected to water deficit stress, and leaf metabolites were analyzed. Tolerant varieties accumulated higher levels of sugars, sugar alcohols, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and proline, contributing to enhanced osmoprotection. Fatty acid remodeling was observed, including increased palmitic acid in JKC-717 and propionic and docanoic acids in JKC-770, supporting membrane stability and protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lipid membrane integrity measurements confirmed reduced damage in tolerant lines. Additionally, elevated sitosterol and reduced campesterol, together with higher auxin and its precursor tryptophan, likely supported growth maintenance under drought. In contrast, sensitive varieties showed minimal metabolic adjustments, correlating with higher membrane damage and reduced survival. These results highlight coordinated regulation of carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and hormonal metabolism as key mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in cotton, providing potential metabolic markers for breeding programs aimed at improving water-use efficiency and stress resilience. Drought-tolerant cotton varieties (JKC-770 and JKC-717) exhibit coordinated metabolic adjustments to survive water deficit. They accumulate sugars, sugar alcohols, proline, and GABA, enhancing osmoprotection, while fatty acid remodeling stabilizes cell membranes against ROS-induced damage. Increased sitosterol and auxin-related metabolites support growth under stress as compared to sensitive varieties.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Metabolomic analysis of leaf tissues in Gossypium species under drought stress: Insights into carbon–nitrogen dynamics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Ruchi Singh

摘要

Drought is a major constraint for cotton (Gossypium sp.), particularly under rainfed cultivation, leading to substantial yield losses. To elucidate the metabolic basis of drought tolerance, four cotton varieties—JKC-770, JKC-717 (tolerant) and KC-2, RAHS-187 (sensitive)—were subjected to water deficit stress, and leaf metabolites were analyzed. Tolerant varieties accumulated higher levels of sugars, sugar alcohols, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and proline, contributing to enhanced osmoprotection. Fatty acid remodeling was observed, including increased palmitic acid in JKC-717 and propionic and docanoic acids in JKC-770, supporting membrane stability and protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Lipid membrane integrity measurements confirmed reduced damage in tolerant lines. Additionally, elevated sitosterol and reduced campesterol, together with higher auxin and its precursor tryptophan, likely supported growth maintenance under drought. In contrast, sensitive varieties showed minimal metabolic adjustments, correlating with higher membrane damage and reduced survival. These results highlight coordinated regulation of carbohydrate, amino acid, lipid, and hormonal metabolism as key mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in cotton, providing potential metabolic markers for breeding programs aimed at improving water-use efficiency and stress resilience. Drought-tolerant cotton varieties (JKC-770 and JKC-717) exhibit coordinated metabolic adjustments to survive water deficit. They accumulate sugars, sugar alcohols, proline, and GABA, enhancing osmoprotection, while fatty acid remodeling stabilizes cell membranes against ROS-induced damage. Increased sitosterol and auxin-related metabolites support growth under stress as compared to sensitive varieties.

Graphical abstract