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<p>Conventional propagation of arecanut (<i>Areca catechu</i> L.) through seeds results in high heterogeneity, due to its highly cross-pollinated nature, which limits the large-scale dissemination of elite genotypes and highlights the need for efficient in vitro propagation strategies. This study presents a novel tissue culture protocol for the clonal propagation of the dwarf arecanut hybrid (VTLAH-2) through indirect somatic embryogenesis, using immature inflorescence explants and supplementing the medium with meta-topolin. Among 20 media combinations tested, Y3 medium supplemented with picloram (200&#xa0;µM) and meta-topolin (2.07&#xa0;µM) was most effective in inducing embryogenic calli and enhancing somatic embryo formation. The inclusion of meta-topolin notably reduced abnormalities and improved shoot and root development. Histological and ultrastructural analyses confirmed the sequential stages of embryo development. SCoT markers confirmed the genetic fidelity of in vitro-regenerated plantlets, showing 100% similarity to the mother palm, indicating true-to-type clonal propagation. This is the first report demonstrating the efficiency of meta-topolin in promoting somatic embryogenesis and regeneration in arecanut, offering a robust protocol for mass multiplication of elite hybrids.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Aromatic cytokinin meta-topolin revitalizes indirect somatic embryogenesis and regeneration in immature inflorescence culture of dwarf arecanut hybrids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月26日

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  • Jasmin Habeeb,
  • K. S. Muralikrishna,
  • M. P. Fathimath Zaeema,
  • N. R. Nagaraja,
  • S. Paulraj,
  • B. J. Nirmal Kumar,
  • R. Thava Prakasa Pandian,
  • K. P. Chandran,
  • M. K. Rajesh

摘要

Conventional propagation of arecanut (Areca catechu L.) through seeds results in high heterogeneity, due to its highly cross-pollinated nature, which limits the large-scale dissemination of elite genotypes and highlights the need for efficient in vitro propagation strategies. This study presents a novel tissue culture protocol for the clonal propagation of the dwarf arecanut hybrid (VTLAH-2) through indirect somatic embryogenesis, using immature inflorescence explants and supplementing the medium with meta-topolin. Among 20 media combinations tested, Y3 medium supplemented with picloram (200 µM) and meta-topolin (2.07 µM) was most effective in inducing embryogenic calli and enhancing somatic embryo formation. The inclusion of meta-topolin notably reduced abnormalities and improved shoot and root development. Histological and ultrastructural analyses confirmed the sequential stages of embryo development. SCoT markers confirmed the genetic fidelity of in vitro-regenerated plantlets, showing 100% similarity to the mother palm, indicating true-to-type clonal propagation. This is the first report demonstrating the efficiency of meta-topolin in promoting somatic embryogenesis and regeneration in arecanut, offering a robust protocol for mass multiplication of elite hybrids.

Graphical abstract