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<p>Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as non-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, have recently emerged as critical regulators of plant defense systems. Unlike protein-coding RNAs, lncRNAs orchestrate immune responses through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and interactions with other RNA molecules and proteins. They function as integral components of plant immune networks, contributing to pathogen recognition, signal transduction, and the activation of defense-related genes. Acting as decoys, scaffolds, guides, or enhancers, lncRNAs fine-tune immune responses to achieve effective defense while minimizing fitness costs. This review highlights the emerging significance of lncRNAs in plant–pathogen interactions, summarizes recent advances in understanding their molecular mechanisms, and provides insights into the roles of specific lncRNAs in combating bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. A deeper understanding of the regulatory landscape of lncRNAs in plant immunity may pave the way for innovative strategies to develop disease-resistant crops.</p>

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Unveiling the roles of long non-coding RNAs in plant immune responses to bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月3日

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  • Shoba Devadhasan,
  • Godwin Paulin,
  • Arpit Gaur,
  • Joshi Jeyadhas Lillythangam,
  • M. Arumugam Pillai,
  • Saravanan Shanmughavel,
  • S. Juliet Hepziba,
  • T. Suthin Raj,
  • R. Ebenezer Babu Rajan,
  • B. Bhakiyathu Saliha,
  • Somayeh Gholizadeh,
  • Preeti Patel,
  • Craig A. Abel,
  • Dinakaran Elango

摘要

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), defined as non-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, have recently emerged as critical regulators of plant defense systems. Unlike protein-coding RNAs, lncRNAs orchestrate immune responses through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and interactions with other RNA molecules and proteins. They function as integral components of plant immune networks, contributing to pathogen recognition, signal transduction, and the activation of defense-related genes. Acting as decoys, scaffolds, guides, or enhancers, lncRNAs fine-tune immune responses to achieve effective defense while minimizing fitness costs. This review highlights the emerging significance of lncRNAs in plant–pathogen interactions, summarizes recent advances in understanding their molecular mechanisms, and provides insights into the roles of specific lncRNAs in combating bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. A deeper understanding of the regulatory landscape of lncRNAs in plant immunity may pave the way for innovative strategies to develop disease-resistant crops.