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<p>Breeding for aluminum (Al) tolerance in crops is crucial for improving agricultural productivity in acid soils, where Al toxicity hampers root development and nutrient uptake, ultimately affecting yields. In this study, a hydroponic screening system was used to evaluate Al tolerance in 161 rice bean (<i>Vigna umbellate</i> (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) genotypes exposed to four Al concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM) in a modified Magnavaca’s nutrient solution. Symptoms of Al toxicity, including reduced root length and impaired branching, became more pronounced with increasing Al concentration. Root lengths in the control treatment varied from 0.14&#xa0;cm in G29 to 8.35&#xa0;cm in G86. In the Al treatments, root lengths ranged from 0.0&#xa0;cm in several genotypes to 6.90&#xa0;cm in G86. Root regrowth following hematoxylin staining showed significant reductions in Al-treated plants, with regrowth ranging from 0.0&#xa0;cm in G155 to 1.55&#xa0;cm in G53. Based on the Root Tolerance Index (RTI), genotypes were categorized as tolerant (RTI ≥ 0.65), moderately tolerant (RTI 0.35–0.64), and susceptible (RTI &lt; 0.35). At 50 µM Al, 39.75% of genotypes were tolerant, 37.26% moderately tolerant, and 22.98% susceptible. At 150 µM Al, only 0.62% of genotypes were tolerant, while 95.03% were susceptible. Tolerant genotypes, such as G123, performed well in both hydroponic and field conditions in Meghalaya, where Al toxicity is common. Under field conditions, G123 demonstrated a relatively good yield, while moderately tolerant genotypes such as G114 and G74 showed moderate yields. However, some moderately tolerant genotypes, including G17 and G61, yielded poorly in the field. These findings highlight the genetic diversity of Al tolerance in rice bean and validate the hydroponic screening method as a useful tool for identifying genotypes suitable for breeding Al-tolerant cultivars.</p>

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Aluminium stress tolerance in rice bean (Vigna umbellate(Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) using hydroponic assays and field validation in acidic soils of Northeast India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月9日

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  • Banshanlang Iangrai,
  • W. S. Philanim,
  • Amit Kumar,
  • Letngam Touthang,
  • Umakanta Ngangkham,
  • Simardeep Kaur,
  • C. Aochen,
  • Miti Tali

摘要

Breeding for aluminum (Al) tolerance in crops is crucial for improving agricultural productivity in acid soils, where Al toxicity hampers root development and nutrient uptake, ultimately affecting yields. In this study, a hydroponic screening system was used to evaluate Al tolerance in 161 rice bean (Vigna umbellate (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) genotypes exposed to four Al concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 150 µM) in a modified Magnavaca’s nutrient solution. Symptoms of Al toxicity, including reduced root length and impaired branching, became more pronounced with increasing Al concentration. Root lengths in the control treatment varied from 0.14 cm in G29 to 8.35 cm in G86. In the Al treatments, root lengths ranged from 0.0 cm in several genotypes to 6.90 cm in G86. Root regrowth following hematoxylin staining showed significant reductions in Al-treated plants, with regrowth ranging from 0.0 cm in G155 to 1.55 cm in G53. Based on the Root Tolerance Index (RTI), genotypes were categorized as tolerant (RTI ≥ 0.65), moderately tolerant (RTI 0.35–0.64), and susceptible (RTI < 0.35). At 50 µM Al, 39.75% of genotypes were tolerant, 37.26% moderately tolerant, and 22.98% susceptible. At 150 µM Al, only 0.62% of genotypes were tolerant, while 95.03% were susceptible. Tolerant genotypes, such as G123, performed well in both hydroponic and field conditions in Meghalaya, where Al toxicity is common. Under field conditions, G123 demonstrated a relatively good yield, while moderately tolerant genotypes such as G114 and G74 showed moderate yields. However, some moderately tolerant genotypes, including G17 and G61, yielded poorly in the field. These findings highlight the genetic diversity of Al tolerance in rice bean and validate the hydroponic screening method as a useful tool for identifying genotypes suitable for breeding Al-tolerant cultivars.