Purpose of Review <p>The review aimed to provide a detailed scientific analysis of the ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological activities of different parts of <i>Rauvolfia tetraphylla</i> L.</p> Recent Findings <p>Ethnic communities all over the world use this shrub for hypertension, snakebite, skin disease, blood pressure, fever, etc. <i>R. tetraphylla</i> is mainly known for its indole alkaloids and their medicinal properties from the leaf, stem and roots. Ajmaline, reserpiline, yohimbine, reserpine, 10-methoxy tetrahydroalstonine, labdane diterpene, lankanescine, serpine, canescine, tetraphyllin, and pseudoreserpine were the major alkaloids isolated from the leaf, stem and roots. The phytochemical compounds influence various pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, anticancer, antipsychotic, sedative, antihaemolytic, anti-gastric ulcer, cardioprotective, antivenom, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, acute toxicity, immune response, platelet antiaggregant, allelopathic action, enzyme inhibitory activity, insecticidal, antiparasitic activity. It is the first cumulative information on ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of <i>R. tetraphylla</i> L.</p> Summary <p>To identify research needs for further study on <i>R. tetraphylla</i>, the present review supports the information on ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological studies. This review reported knowledge was published from the available literature. The fresh plant parts were identified as effective materials against various illnesses. Further, these studies need experimental proof and standardization to confirm their efficiency.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>