Purpose of Review <p>This review presents in show relevant information about feline cryptococcosis and our perspective about using it as a sentinel indicator of environmental Cryptococcus spp. presence.</p> Recent Findings <p>Feline cryptococcosis is primarily acquired through inhalation of airborne propagules and commonly present with local nasal disease. Diagnostics approaches rely on cytology, culture and/or PCR when indicated, and cryptococcal antigen testing support diagnostic and treatment monitoring. Current veterinary guidance prioritizes azole therapy for many cases, while amphotericin B + flucytosine is reserved for severe disease; isavuconazole has emerged as a potential alternative. Genomic analyses reveal aneuploidy inducing genes and novel therapeutic targets in Cryptococcus spp. Environmental drivers, including changing climate and habitat conditions, may influence Cryptococcosis ecology and exposure opportunities, supporting the value of sentinel surveillance in cats.</p> Summary <p>Feline cryptococcosis serves as an effective bioindicator for environmental cryptococcosis risk due to the nasal tropism. With the increase of human cryptococcosis in immunocompetent population, antifungal resistance and climatic change necessitate integrated surveillance strategies. One health strategy using coordinate veterinary–medical collaboration is essential to mitigate zoonotic transmission.</p>

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Feline Cryptococcosis: A One Health Perspective on Pathogenesis, Resistance, and Zoonotic Risk

  • Berenice Morales Franco,
  • Claudia Lisette Charles-Niño,
  • Lilia Mercedes Mancilla-Becerra,
  • Jorge Mayorga-Rodriguez,
  • Priscila Villarreal-Vaca,
  • Jeannette Barba-León,
  • César Pedroza-Roldán

摘要

Purpose of Review

This review presents in show relevant information about feline cryptococcosis and our perspective about using it as a sentinel indicator of environmental Cryptococcus spp. presence.

Recent Findings

Feline cryptococcosis is primarily acquired through inhalation of airborne propagules and commonly present with local nasal disease. Diagnostics approaches rely on cytology, culture and/or PCR when indicated, and cryptococcal antigen testing support diagnostic and treatment monitoring. Current veterinary guidance prioritizes azole therapy for many cases, while amphotericin B + flucytosine is reserved for severe disease; isavuconazole has emerged as a potential alternative. Genomic analyses reveal aneuploidy inducing genes and novel therapeutic targets in Cryptococcus spp. Environmental drivers, including changing climate and habitat conditions, may influence Cryptococcosis ecology and exposure opportunities, supporting the value of sentinel surveillance in cats.

Summary

Feline cryptococcosis serves as an effective bioindicator for environmental cryptococcosis risk due to the nasal tropism. With the increase of human cryptococcosis in immunocompetent population, antifungal resistance and climatic change necessitate integrated surveillance strategies. One health strategy using coordinate veterinary–medical collaboration is essential to mitigate zoonotic transmission.