<p>The study exhibits an adaptive sliding mode control (ASMC) methodology for the synchronization of fractional-order hybrid systems (FOHs) and predefined-time (PDT) chaos control. The governing hybrid system of PDEs is converted into a system of ODEs utilizing the Fourier series in a hybrid model by applying truncated Galerkin method. Further, composite nanoparticles and flow characteristics of fluids are considered as external disturbances in this complex nonlinear system. The resulting dynamic behaviors are extremely complex and unpredictable, as model external disturbances and uncertainties are fully integrated into the problem. A Lyapunov stability theory-based nonlinear dynamical system with predefined-time stability has been proposed as a solution to these problems. According to the Lyapunov stability theory, to a predefined time stable nonlinear dynamical system is implied as a solution to these problems. A predefined-time FOSMC is subsequently developed in order to accomplish robust synchronization in uncertain circumstances. These findings show that the fractional adaptive sliding mode control technique can be used to effectively regulate external stochastic disturbances and FOHDBs within a predefined time. Eventually, computational modeling and analyses validate the efficacy and resilience of the implied control approach.</p>