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<p>This paper presents a coupled aero-mechanical vibration analysis of a hybrid Savonius–Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) equipped with a two-stage bevel gear speed multiplier. Unlike most existing studies focused on aerodynamic performance or simplified drivetrain models, a fully integrated dynamic model is developed to simultaneously account for unsteady aerodynamic loads and realistic transmission dynamics under variable wind conditions. The aerodynamic torque produced by the Savonius and Darrieus rotors is evaluated separately and coupled through a gearbox model incorporating time-varying mesh stiffness and shaft flexibility. The system dynamics are formulated using Lagrange’s approach, resulting in a nonlinear 21-degree-of-freedom model solved numerically under stochastic wind excitation with an average speed of 9&#xa0;m/s. Time-domain results show that increasing the number of Savonius stages enhances torque magnitude, while increasing the number of buckets improves torque stability. Frequency-domain analyses reveal characteristic vibration signatures at gear meshing frequencies, their harmonics, and sidebands induced by aerodynamic load modulation. The results highlight strong coupling between aerodynamic excitations and drivetrain dynamics, providing useful insights for the design and vibration mitigation of efficient small-scale hybrid VAWTs.</p>

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Vibration analysis of a combined Savonius and Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbine with a two-stage bevel gear transmission

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Kamel Abboudi,
  • Ahmed Ghorbel,
  • Lassaad Walha,
  • Mohamed Haddar

摘要

This paper presents a coupled aero-mechanical vibration analysis of a hybrid Savonius–Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) equipped with a two-stage bevel gear speed multiplier. Unlike most existing studies focused on aerodynamic performance or simplified drivetrain models, a fully integrated dynamic model is developed to simultaneously account for unsteady aerodynamic loads and realistic transmission dynamics under variable wind conditions. The aerodynamic torque produced by the Savonius and Darrieus rotors is evaluated separately and coupled through a gearbox model incorporating time-varying mesh stiffness and shaft flexibility. The system dynamics are formulated using Lagrange’s approach, resulting in a nonlinear 21-degree-of-freedom model solved numerically under stochastic wind excitation with an average speed of 9 m/s. Time-domain results show that increasing the number of Savonius stages enhances torque magnitude, while increasing the number of buckets improves torque stability. Frequency-domain analyses reveal characteristic vibration signatures at gear meshing frequencies, their harmonics, and sidebands induced by aerodynamic load modulation. The results highlight strong coupling between aerodynamic excitations and drivetrain dynamics, providing useful insights for the design and vibration mitigation of efficient small-scale hybrid VAWTs.