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<p>Photovoltaic (PV) modules in silicon solar cells are susceptible to fatigue damage due to long-term wind and sand impacts combined with cyclic temperature loading. To address this issue, this research proposes a comprehensive method for evaluating the fatigue life of solar cells in desert environments and establishes a computational framework for predicting fatigue life, starting with an analysis of environmental loads. Based on ERA5 meteorological data, the temperature of the solar cells is predicted, and, by integrating a wind-sand load model with Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) theory, a fatigue damage evolution model for the solar cells is developed. Using the rainflow counting method, stress amplitudes and cycle counts are extracted, and cumulative damage is calculated according to Miner’s rule to predict the fatigue life of the solar cell. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is performed to assess the impact of photovoltaic module geometric parameters on the solar cell fatigue life. The research findings indicate that when the aspect ratio of photovoltaic modules exceeds 2, the solar cells demonstrate an extended fatigue life. Under the condition of a 5&#xa0;mm thick cover glass and a 2.4&#xa0;mm thick back glass, the solar cells exhibit optimal fatigue resistance. The fatigue life of the solar cells is maximized when the module installation angle is 12°. The assessment method proposed in this paper offers a novel approach for quantitatively predicting the fatigue life of photovoltaic modules under desert conditions and provides a theoretical foundation for structural optimization and reliability design of these modules.</p>

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Fatigue life prediction of silicon solar cells in desert photovoltaic modules under wind-sand and temperature loading

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Chenxu Sun,
  • Haimiao Wu,
  • Kai Wang,
  • Xingfu Liang,
  • Aoling Xu,
  • Jinghui Cai,
  • Hongyu Quan

摘要

Photovoltaic (PV) modules in silicon solar cells are susceptible to fatigue damage due to long-term wind and sand impacts combined with cyclic temperature loading. To address this issue, this research proposes a comprehensive method for evaluating the fatigue life of solar cells in desert environments and establishes a computational framework for predicting fatigue life, starting with an analysis of environmental loads. Based on ERA5 meteorological data, the temperature of the solar cells is predicted, and, by integrating a wind-sand load model with Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) theory, a fatigue damage evolution model for the solar cells is developed. Using the rainflow counting method, stress amplitudes and cycle counts are extracted, and cumulative damage is calculated according to Miner’s rule to predict the fatigue life of the solar cell. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis is performed to assess the impact of photovoltaic module geometric parameters on the solar cell fatigue life. The research findings indicate that when the aspect ratio of photovoltaic modules exceeds 2, the solar cells demonstrate an extended fatigue life. Under the condition of a 5 mm thick cover glass and a 2.4 mm thick back glass, the solar cells exhibit optimal fatigue resistance. The fatigue life of the solar cells is maximized when the module installation angle is 12°. The assessment method proposed in this paper offers a novel approach for quantitatively predicting the fatigue life of photovoltaic modules under desert conditions and provides a theoretical foundation for structural optimization and reliability design of these modules.