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<p>Abrasive waterjets are widely used in material processing and mineral extraction. To investigate the flow characteristics and nozzle wear behavior of post-mixed ice abrasive waterjets, a coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) model combined with the Oka wear model was developed. Simulations were conducted for particle diameters <i>D</i><sub><i>p</i></sub> = 80–120&#xa0;μm and abrasive mass flow rates <i>Q</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> = 0.2–0.35&#xa0;g/s, with a waterjet inlet velocity <i>V</i><sub><i>1</i></sub> = 150&#xa0;m/s and a characteristic nozzle diameter <i>D</i><sub><i>1</i></sub> = 0.4&#xa0;mm. Results show that the pressure distribution in the mixing chamber is primarily governed by nozzle geometry and is largely independent of particle size. Abrasive particles exhibit a center-sparse and circumferential accumulation distribution, and the high-concentration region expands downstream with increasing particle size. The contraction section and the front region of the mixing chamber are identified as the primary wear zones. When the particle diameter exceeds 110&#xa0;μm, nozzle wear increases significantly. A comparative parameter analysis based on abrasive residence time, velocity stability, and nozzle wear characteristics identifies <i>D</i><sub><i>p</i></sub> = 120&#xa0;μm and <i>Q</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> = 0.3&#xa0;g/s as the optimal parameter combination, achieving stable abrasive transport, high processing efficiency, and relatively low nozzle wear.</p>

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CFD-DEM investigation of flow characteristics and nozzle wear in post-mixed ice abrasive waterjets

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Zhenlong Fang,
  • Jiangtao Guo,
  • Qiqiang Gao,
  • Hanhua Zhu,
  • Shidong Fan,
  • Xiaofeng Guo,
  • Wenjiang Hou

摘要

Abrasive waterjets are widely used in material processing and mineral extraction. To investigate the flow characteristics and nozzle wear behavior of post-mixed ice abrasive waterjets, a coupled computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) model combined with the Oka wear model was developed. Simulations were conducted for particle diameters Dp = 80–120 μm and abrasive mass flow rates Qm = 0.2–0.35 g/s, with a waterjet inlet velocity V1 = 150 m/s and a characteristic nozzle diameter D1 = 0.4 mm. Results show that the pressure distribution in the mixing chamber is primarily governed by nozzle geometry and is largely independent of particle size. Abrasive particles exhibit a center-sparse and circumferential accumulation distribution, and the high-concentration region expands downstream with increasing particle size. The contraction section and the front region of the mixing chamber are identified as the primary wear zones. When the particle diameter exceeds 110 μm, nozzle wear increases significantly. A comparative parameter analysis based on abrasive residence time, velocity stability, and nozzle wear characteristics identifies Dp = 120 μm and Qm = 0.3 g/s as the optimal parameter combination, achieving stable abrasive transport, high processing efficiency, and relatively low nozzle wear.